The Vascular Epiphyte Flora of El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve, Chiapas, México

Martínez‐Meléndez, Nayely; Pérez-Farrera, MiguelÁngel; Martínez‐Camilo, Rubén

doi:10.3119/08-20.1

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Respecto a la familia Orchidaceae, 14 especies presentan algún nivel de endemismo, de las cuales 12 son hierbas epífi tas, que representan 7.4% de las hierbas epífi tas de la REBITRI (Martínez-Meléndez et al, 2009); y tres son endé-micas de Chiapas: Acianthera breedlovei, Epidendrum erectifolium y E. tacanaense. El número de especies de orquídeas endémicas y en riesgo es importante, considerando que es uno de los grupos con mayor número de especies dentro de la Norma Ofi cial Mexicana.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…en el Cerro Cebú; Pérez-Farrera et al (2012), obtuvieron 795 spp. para el polígono III y áreas adyacentes y Martínez-Meléndez et al (2009) documentan 465 especies de epífi tas vasculares. Respecto a los tipos de vegetación, en SEMARNAP (1998) se mencionan diez de los 19 tipos de vegetación propuestos por Breedlove (1981) para Chiapas y Pérez-Farrera (2004) señala siete tipos de vegetación usando la nomenclatura de Rzedowski (1978); de éstos destaca por su extensión e importancia el bosque mesófi lo de montaña.…”

Section: Listado De Plantas Endémicas Y En Riesgo De La Reservaunclassified

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Listado de plantas endémicas y en riesgo de la reserva de la biosfera El Triunfo, Chiapas, Méxic

2012

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1Autor para la correspondencia: ruben.martinez@unicach.mxResumen: Se presenta una revisión de las especies de plantas vasculares y no vasculares endémicas y en riesgo de la Reserva de la Biosfera El Triunfo. A partir de un listado del inventario fl orístico que incluye 2,990 especies y 12,835 registros de herbario, se revisó la inclusión de especies en la Norma Ofi cial Mexicana (NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010) y la Lista Roja de la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza y se determinó su nivel de endemismo de acuerdo con su distribución geográfi ca. Se obtuvo un listado con 347 especies endémicas, de los cuales: 5.9% son endémicas a la reserva, 23.9% a Chiapas y 27.6% a Chiapas y Guatemala. De las 244 especies listadas en alguna categoría de riesgo, la norma ofi cial Mexicana refi ere: 28 sujetas a protección, 36 amenazadas y 11 en peligro de extinción. La Lista Roja de la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza reconoce: 29 especies casi amenazadas, 74 vulnerables, 63 en peligro y 16 en peligro crítico. El número de especies endémica y en riesgo representan 17% de la fl ora de la reserva y 4.2% de la fl ora de Chiapas. El bosque mesófi lo de montaña fue el ecosistema con mayor número de especies en riesgo y endémicas. La Reserva de la Biosfera El Triunfo tiene una gran biodiversidad y protege un importante número de especies endémicas y en riesgo. Palabras claves: área natural protegida, base de datos, conservación, riqueza fl orística, Sierra Madre de Chiapas.Abstract: This paper is a review of the endemic and threatened plant species of El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve. From a fl oristic inventory that includes 2,990 species and 12,835 herbarium records, we reviewed the presence of each species in the offi cial listings of the Mexican Norm (NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010) and Red List of International Union for Conservation of Nature, determined its level of endemism with support of a database. We obtained a checklist of 347 endemic species: 5.9% are endemic to the El Triunfo Reserve, 23.9% to Chiapas and 27.6% to Chiapas and Guatemala. We found 244 species at risk, for Mexican Norm status are: 28 to be protected, 36 threatened, and 11 endangered. For International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List categories are: 16 critically endangered, 63 endangered, 74 vulnerable, and 29 near threatened. The number of species endemics and threatened represent 17% of the estimated fl ora for El Triunfo Reserve and 4.2% of the fl ora of Chiapas. The cloud forest ecosystem presented the highest number of threatened and endemic species. The El Triunfo Reserve is located in a fl oristically diverse geographic region and protects a signifi cant number of plant species both endemic and threatened.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Section: Listado De Plantas Endémicas Y En Riesgo De La Reservaunclassified

Listado de plantas endémicas y en riesgo de la reserva de la biosfera El Triunfo, Chiapas, Méxic

2012

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“…; Martínez‐Meléndez et al . ; Ceja‐Romero et al . ) and occurs at elevations of of 600–1700 m a.s.l.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From dusk till dawn: nocturnal and diurnal pollination in the epiphyteTillandsia heterophylla(Bromeliaceae)

et al. 2015

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In order to compare the effectiveness of diurnal and nocturnal pollinators, we studied the reproductive biology and pollinators of Tillandsia heterophylla E. Morren, an epiphytic tank bromeliad endemic to southeastern Mexico. Since anthesis in T. heterophylla is predominantly nocturnal but lasts until the following day, we hypothesised that this bromeliad would receive visits from both diurnal and nocturnal visitors, but that nocturnal visitors would be the most effective pollinators, since they arrive first to the receptive flower, and that bats would be the most frequent nocturnal visitors, given the characteristics of the nectar. Flowering of T. heterophylla began in May and lasted until July. The species is fully self-compatible, with an anthesis that lasts for ca. 15-16 h. Mean volume of nectar produced per flower was 82.21 μl, with a mean sugar concentration of 6.33%. The highest volume and concentration of nectar were found at 20:00 h, with a subsequent decline in both to almost zero over the following 12-h period. T. heterophylla has a generalist pollination system, since at least four different morphospecies of visitors pollinate its flowers: bats, moths, hummingbirds and bees. Most of the pollinating visits corresponded to bats and took place in the early evening, when stigma receptivity had already begun; making bats the probable pollinator on most occasions. However, diurnal pollinators may be important as a 'fail-safe' system by which to guarantee the pollination of T. heterophylla.

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“…A). Climate in this region is temperate humid with a mean annual precipitation of 2152 mm (with intense rains from May to October) and a mean annual temperature of 21.2 °C (García, ; Martínez‐Meléndez et al ., ). Dominant trees include species in the genera Quercus (Fagaceae), Matudea (Hamamelidaceae), Dendropanax (Araliaceae), Ocotea (Lauraceae), Conostegia (Melastomataceae), Amphitecna (Bignoniaceae), Symplococarpon (Pentaphylacaceae), and Hedyosmum (Chloranthaceae).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Dominant trees include species in the genera Quercus (Fagaceae), Matudea (Hamamelidaceae), Dendropanax (Araliaceae), Ocotea (Lauraceae), Conostegia (Melastomataceae), Amphitecna (Bignoniaceae), Symplococarpon (Pentaphylacaceae), and Hedyosmum (Chloranthaceae). The understory stratum is characterized by elevated densities of low height trees, shrubs, tree ferns (Cyatheaceae), and epiphytes (mainly Orchidaceae and Bromeliaceae) (Long & Heath, ; Williams‐Linera, ; Martínez‐Meléndez et al ., ). The soil type is Cambisol eutric, a soil type moderately developed, with a B horizon, aggregated structure, high content of weatherable minerals, and lacking of a layer of accumulated clay (INE, ; IUSS Working Group WRB, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Diversity and seasonal variation of ground and understory spiders from a tropical mountain cloud forest

et al. 2019

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We made intensive samplings to study the seasonal response of spiders across different forest strata (ground and understory) in a tropical mountain cloud forest from Mexico. We sampled spiders from ten plots in six sampling events during the dry and rainy season, to analyze their abundance, structure (distribution of abundance among species), diversity and the response of the five dominant species at each stratum. Results demonstrated that seasonal patterns of spider communities differed among strata, revealing a complex spatiotemporal dynamic. Abundance, structure, diversity of ground spiders, as well as the responses of four dominant species at this stratum, showed low seasonal variations. In contrast, a strong seasonal variation was observed for the understory assemblage, with lowest abundance and highest diversity in the rainy season, and different assemblage structures for each season. Seasonal patterns of each assemblage seem linked to the responses of their dominant species. We found high co-occurrence among most of the ground dominant species with similar habitat use and with multivoltine patterns, contrasting with low co-occurrence among most of the understory dominant species with similar habitat use and univoltine patterns. Our results showed that the spiders' assemblages of tropical mountain cloud forest (opposed to what is found in temperate and boreal forests) increase their species richness with the height, and that their responses to seasonal change differ between strata. Management programs of these habitats should consider the spatial and temporal variations found here, as a better understanding of their ecological dynamics is required to support their sustainable management.

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The Vascular Epiphyte Flora of El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve, Chiapas, México

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

Listado de plantas endémicas y en riesgo de la reserva de la biosfera El Triunfo, Chiapas, Méxic

Listado de plantas endémicas y en riesgo de la reserva de la biosfera El Triunfo, Chiapas, Méxic

From dusk till dawn: nocturnal and diurnal pollination in the epiphyteTillandsia heterophylla(Bromeliaceae)

Diversity and seasonal variation of ground and understory spiders from a tropical mountain cloud forest

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