Listado de plantas endémicas y en riesgo de la reserva de la biosfera El Triunfo, Chiapas, Méxic

Abstract

1Autor para la correspondencia: ruben.martinez@unicach.mxResumen: Se presenta una revisión de las especies de plantas vasculares y no vasculares endémicas y en riesgo de la Reserva de la Biosfera El Triunfo. A partir de un listado del inventario fl orístico que incluye 2,990 especies y 12,835 registros de herbario, se revisó la inclusión de especies en la Norma Ofi cial Mexicana (NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010) y la Lista Roja de la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza y se determinó su nivel de endemismo de acuerdo con su distribución geográfi ca. Se obtuvo un listado con 347 especies endémicas, de los cuales: 5.9% son endémicas a la reserva, 23.9% a Chiapas y 27.6% a Chiapas y Guatemala. De las 244 especies listadas en alguna categoría de riesgo, la norma ofi cial Mexicana refi ere: 28 sujetas a protección, 36 amenazadas y 11 en peligro de extinción. La Lista Roja de la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza reconoce: 29 especies casi amenazadas, 74 vulnerables, 63 en peligro y 16 en peligro crítico. El número de especies endémica y en riesgo representan 17% de la fl ora de la reserva y 4.2% de la fl ora de Chiapas. El bosque mesófi lo de montaña fue el ecosistema con mayor número de especies en riesgo y endémicas. La Reserva de la Biosfera El Triunfo tiene una gran biodiversidad y protege un importante número de especies endémicas y en riesgo. Palabras claves: área natural protegida, base de datos, conservación, riqueza fl orística, Sierra Madre de Chiapas.Abstract: This paper is a review of the endemic and threatened plant species of El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve. From a fl oristic inventory that includes 2,990 species and 12,835 herbarium records, we reviewed the presence of each species in the offi cial listings of the Mexican Norm (NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010) and Red List of International Union for Conservation of Nature, determined its level of endemism with support of a database. We obtained a checklist of 347 endemic species: 5.9% are endemic to the El Triunfo Reserve, 23.9% to Chiapas and 27.6% to Chiapas and Guatemala. We found 244 species at risk, for Mexican Norm status are: 28 to be protected, 36 threatened, and 11 endangered. For International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List categories are: 16 critically endangered, 63 endangered, 74 vulnerable, and 29 near threatened. The number of species endemics and threatened represent 17% of the estimated fl ora for El Triunfo Reserve and 4.2% of the fl ora of Chiapas. The cloud forest ecosystem presented the highest number of threatened and endemic species. The El Triunfo Reserve is located in a fl oristically diverse geographic region and protects a signifi cant number of plant species both endemic and threatened.

Floristic composition of the cloud forest of the Bicentenario Reserve, Zongolica, Veracruz, México

“…As Martínez-Camilo et al (2012) mention, the role performed by a protected area, the Bicentenario Reserve in this case, in the conservation of biodiversity acquires a greater importance when the species under threat, in danger of extinction or in another risk category, are known. Based on this information it is possible to promote more appropriate conservation policies, focused on the species that need them, that is why these species need special attention and why actions for their conservation and preservation in the ecosystem should be taken.…”

Why continue with floristic checklists in Mexico? The case of the Tacaná-Boquerón Priority Terrestrial Region, in the Mexican State of Chiapas

“…Additionally, we defined endemism levels based on geographic distributions. This approach has been used in recent floristic studies (e.g., Martínez-Camilo et al 2012, Villaseñor 2016. We consider three levels of endemism: species for which their known distribution is only the state of Chiapas, those that are found in Chiapas and in the neighboring country of Guatemala, and those that are found in Chiapas and in the state of Oaxaca.…”

Riqueza y distribución de angiospermas herbáceas a lo largo de gradientes de elevación y perturbación del bosque en el centro de Veracruz, Méxic

“…Inventories of specific groups of plants or particular geographic areas contribute to the completion of the national flora of Mexico and form the basis for the appropriate management of the natural resources (Martinez-Camilo et al 2012). This kind of data can also provide information about the degree of endemism and endangered species in specific areas, which allows evaluating protected areas about the richness and uniqueness of their flora (Rzedowski 2006).…”