The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) polymorphisms and the risk of endometriosis in northern Iran

Abstract

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is known to be a key molecule in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. In this study, we evaluated whether two polymorphisms -460T>C and +405G>C in VEGF are related with the susceptibility to endometriosis in northern Iran. Genomic DNA derived from patients with endometriosis and healthy women were analysed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The total number of 1080 subjects (480 patients with endometriosis and 600 normal controls) was enrolled into the study. We used the Chi-square (χ(2)) test to evaluate each allele and genotype frequency of -460T>C and +405G>C polymorphisms among the cases and controls. The associations between the polymorphisms and the risk of endometriosis were estimated by odds ratio and their 95% confidence intervals. There was no significant differences in the VEGF -460T>C genotypes and allele frequencies between control women and endometriosis patients (P = 0.63). In contrast, an increased frequency of the +405CC genotype was observed in the patients with endometriosis as compared with the controls. The +405C allele was associated with the presence of endometriosis. It is concluded that the +405G>C polymorphism in VEGF may be associated with higher risk of endometriosis in northern Iran.

Involvement of vascular endothelial growth factor −460 C/T, +405 G/C and +936 C/T polymorphisms in the development of endometriosis

“…Thus far, there are reports of no association of VEGF -460 C/T in Northern Iran and of VEGF +405 G/C in samples from all Iranian populations (23,24). Additionally, no contribution of the +936 C/T SNP with endometriosis in Korean females has been observed (25).…”

“…Additionally, no contribution of the +936 C/T SNP with endometriosis in Korean females has been observed (25). However, the +405 G/C VEGF polymorphism has been associated with a higher susceptibility of endometriosis in Northern Iran, Turkish, South Indian, Italian and Korean females (23,(26)(27)(28)(29)43). Bhanoori et al (44) demonstrated that the -460T/+405C haplotype of VEGF was less frequently identified in females with endometriosis compared to the controls, and VEGF -460 T/T homozygotes and the T allele are associated with a higher risk of endometriosis in Chinese females.…”

“…Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood leukocytes by salt extraction. SNPs for genotyping were selected based on previous case-control studies (23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29). DNA samples were genotyped for three SNPs, -460 C/T (rs833061), +405 G/C (rs2010963) and +936 C/T (rs3025039), in VEGF.…”

“…Although the association of various VEGF polymorphisms with the development of endometriosis in various ethnicities has been evaluated, the data are inconsistent between different studies (23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29). Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the distribution of VEGF -460 C/T (rs833061), +405 G/C (rs2010963) and +936 C/T (rs3025039) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in females with endometriosis-related infertility and a control group.…”

The association between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) +405G>C genetic polymorphism and endometriosis

“…In recent years, several published articles indicated that the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the most important candidate genes for the development of endometriosis, and genetic polymorphisms in VEGF gene might be potentially associated with the risk of endometriosis. [3][4][5][6][7][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] The þ405G>C genetic polymorphism in 5 0 -untranslated region of VEGF gene (rs2010963), one of the most studied genetic variants resulting from G to C mutations, has been reported to affect on the regulation of VEGF gene expression and contributed to the risk of endometriosis in diverse populations. [3][4][5][6][7][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] However, findings from these published articles were conflicting but not conclusive.…”