The Vacuolating Virus, S.V.40

Sweet, B. H.; Hilleman, Maurice R.

doi:10.3181/00379727-105-26128

Cited by 496 publications

(216 citation statements)

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“…These authors demonstrated that this virus, which was called SV40, contaminated both the Salk and the Sabin poliovaccines. Individuals injected with the Salk inactivated vaccine developed neutralizing antibodies against SV40, while individuals fed with the oral attenuated Sabin vaccine did not (Sweet and Hilleman, 1960). The presence of live SV40 in the vaccine was explained by the failure to inactivate a part of the contaminating SV40 virions by the formaldehyde treatment used to inactivate the polioviruses.…”

Section: Sv40 Poliovaccines and Adenovaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simian virus 40, poliovaccines and human tumors: a review of recent developments

1997

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Recently, wild-type SV40 and/or DNA sequences indistinguishable from SV40 have been detected in speci®c types of human tumors: ependymoma and choroid plexus tumors, mesothelioma, osteosarcoma and sarcoma. The same tumor types will develop in hamsters after injection with SV40. These ®ndings are interesting in themselves for they could shed light on the pathogenesis of these tumors. These ®ndings also have public health implications. SV40 was found to have contaminated the poliovaccines and the adenovaccines from 1955 until 1963, therefore resulting in the inadvertent injection of millions of people with this tumor virus. Moreover, our society pays a high cost for asbestos causality, a carcinogen associated with the development of mesothelioma. In addition to asbestos, the potential impact of ®nding another possible cause for mesothelioma (i.e., SV40), as well as the possible pathogenic role of the contaminated poliovaccines, has generated considerable public interest and concern. To discuss these recent ®ndings, the NIH (National Institutes of Health) and the FDA (Food and Drug Administration), organized an International Conference at the NIH, Bethesda, MD, January 27 ± 28, 1997. The association of SV40 with human mesothelioma was also discussed in a special session at the IV International Mesothelioma Conference that was held at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, May 13 ± 16, 1997. The purpose of this review is to summarize data, from the discovery of the contaminated poliovaccines, to the most recent ®ndings presented at the meetings in Bethesda and Philadelphia, to discuss technical and other problems associated with this research, and the potential for using these ®ndings to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for SV40-associated malignancies.

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Section: Sv40 Poliovaccines and Adenovaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simian virus 40, poliovaccines and human tumors: a review of recent developments

1997

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“…This study demonstrates for the first time that human kidney can serve as a reservoir for SV40 replication and that SV40 may contribute to the pathogenesis of kidney disease, particularly FSGS. SV40, a monkey polyomavirus, was present in poliovaccines and adenovirus vaccines used between 1955 and 1963, and it is believed to have been introduced into the human population at that time (1,2). Several lines of evidence suggest that new SV40 infections may be occurring in the human population.…”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular Identification of SV40 Infection in Human Subjects and Possible Association with Kidney Disease

Li¹,

Branton²,

Tanawattanacharoen³

et al. 2002

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

121

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Abstract. Simian virus 40 (SV40), a monkey polyomavirus that is believed to have entered the human population through contaminated vaccines, is known to be renotropic in simians. If indeed SV40 is endemic within the human population, the route of transmission is unknown. It was therefore hypothesized that SV40 might be renotropic in humans and be detected more frequently in samples obtained from patients with kidney diseases. This study found that typical polyomavirus cytopathic effects (CPE) were present and SV40

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“…The characteristic cytoplasmic vacuolation that was the first indication of the existence of infection of monkey kidney cells with SV40 virus (34) was noted in the virus-infected cultures (Fig. 5).…”

Section: Figure 11mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several reports of the cytological, cytochemical, and immunochemical changes produced by infection of green monkey kidney cells in vitro with SV40 virus (34) have been published (2,5,11,12,16,19,27,28,31,36). The present study combines more extensive cytochemical investigations with observations by phase-contrast microscopy and immunofluorescent techniques and reveals some new aspects of the cytopathology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CYTOLOGICAL AND CYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF GREEN MONKEY KIDNEY CELLS INFECTED IN VITRO WITH SIMIAN VIRUS 40

Love

Fernandes

1965

The Journal of Cell Biology

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A B S T R A C TCytological and cytochemical studies of green monkey kidney cells infected with SV40 virus indicated that the type of lcsion produced was infiucnced by the multiplicity of infection and that the lesions appeared later and progrcssed more slowly when the inoculum was diluted. The earliest changc Consisted of enlargement of ribonuclcoprotein-containing sphcrules in the nucleolus (nucleolini). This was followed by rarefaction, with or without condensation, of the chromatin and the appearance of one or more homogeneous masses of inclusion material containing DNA, RNA, and non-histone protein which eventually filled the nucleus. In some instances the chromatin appeared to bc directly transformed into inclusion material. In the later stages of infection, the ribonucleoprotein of the nucleolini was no longer stainable and material resembling the nuclcoprotcin of the intranuclear inclusions was found in the nucleolar vacuoles and in the cytoplasm. Thc nucleic acids in the inclusions were stained by toluidinc blue, toluidine bluc-molybdate, the Feulgen stain, and by methyl green. The stainable material was extractable by nuclcasc digestion or by hot trichloroacctic acid. Green or yellowish green staining by acridine orange was apparendy due to binding of dye by protein and not by nucleic acids since the staining reaction was not reduced by extraction of nucleic acids by hot trichloroacetic acid. Extraction with pepsin in combination with ribonuclcase or deoxyribonuclcase removed practically all the inclusions from the cells; consequently they could not be stained with acridine orange. The cytochemical studics suggest that the use of pepsin together with nuclease is not a meaningful technique. I N T R O D U C T I O NSeveral reports of the cytological, cytochemical, and immunochemical changes produced by infection of green monkey kidney cells in vitro with SV40 virus (34) have been published (2,5,11,12,16,19,27,28,31,36). The present study combines more extensive cytochemical investigations with observations by phase-contrast microscopy and immunofluorescent techniques and reveals some new aspects of the cytopathology. In particular, the cytochemical changes in the nucleolus and the nature of the inclusion material in the nucleus have been elucidated and the effect of variable multiplicity of the viral inoculum on the evolution of the lesions has been determined.

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The Vacuolating Virus, S.V.40

Cited by 496 publications

References 0 publications

Simian virus 40, poliovaccines and human tumors: a review of recent developments

Simian virus 40, poliovaccines and human tumors: a review of recent developments

Molecular Identification of SV40 Infection in Human Subjects and Possible Association with Kidney Disease

CYTOLOGICAL AND CYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF GREEN MONKEY KIDNEY CELLS INFECTED IN VITRO WITH SIMIAN VIRUS 40

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