The Utilization of ¹⁸O Labelled Potassium Phosphate in Studies Concerning Fertilizer Phosphorus Assimilation by Plants

AI versus Classic Methods in Modelling Isotopic Separation Processes: Efficiency Comparison

“…A measure of the atom's concentration of an isotope for a given element is represented through its natural abundance in mixture with other isotopes. For example, there are to be found three stable isotopes in nature for the oxygen element: 16 O (99.759%); 17 O (0.037%), and 18 O (0.204%). The stable isotopes that are needed in different applications [1][2][3][4][5][6] can only be found in very small concentrations in nature, so justifying the need for increasing their concentration.…”

“…The analysis of the isotopic composition of the meteorites represents a modern method for the space exploration. The 18 O isotope for the 18 F production used in the positron emission tomography, respectively, the 13 C and 14 C isotopes, which are used in the respiratory tests, plays an important role in medicine nowadays. Another important domain in which the stable isotopes of 18 O, 15 N, and 13 C are used as tracer agents in agriculture [5], improving the usage of the chemical fertilizer.…”

“…The 18 O isotope for the 18 F production used in the positron emission tomography, respectively, the 13 C and 14 C isotopes, which are used in the respiratory tests, plays an important role in medicine nowadays. Another important domain in which the stable isotopes of 18 O, 15 N, and 13 C are used as tracer agents in agriculture [5], improving the usage of the chemical fertilizer. The most frequent stable isotopes separation methods use the distillation procedures of the compound that contains the followed isotope in liquid or in gaseous phase, respectively, the isotopic exchange in countercurrent on columns with packing.…”

“…In this paper, the usage of a separation cascade, containing on its structure two separation columns, is considered for the practical implementation of the separation procedure through the system NO, NO 2 -H 2 O, HNO 3 [6,[14][15][16][17][18][19]. This procedure is used for the separation of the 18 O isotope.…”

“…In this paper, the usage of a separation cascade, containing on its structure two separation columns, is considered for the practical implementation of the separation procedure through the system NO, NO 2 -H 2 O, HNO 3 [6,[14][15][16][17][18][19]. This procedure is used for the separation of the 18 O isotope. In the case of using the system NO, NO 2 -H 2 O, HNO 3 as the separation procedure, the nitric oxides circulate in countercurrent with the nitric acid solution, the isotopic exchange being made after the following equation:…”