The utilization of SiNWs/AuNPs-modified indium tin oxide (ITO) in fabrication of electrochemical DNA sensor

Sandwich Electrochemical Immunosensor for Early Detection of Tuberculosis Based on Graphene/Polyaniline-Modified Screen-Printed Gold Electrode

“…The morphology of GP/PANI-modified SPGE surface was studied by FESEM-EDX. It was observed in Figure 3 a,b that the surface structure of GP/PANI-modified electrode turned relatively rough and agglomerate compared to bare SPGE due to the formation of nanoparticle clusters on the electrode surface, which resulted in an increase of active surface area [ 28 , 29 ]. The presence of GP/PANI nanocomposite was also confirmed using EDX analysis.…”

Reduced Graphene Oxide/TEMPO-Nanocellulose Nanohybrid-Based Electrochemical Biosensor for the Determination ofMycobacterium tuberculosis

“…The different results produced in previous studies could be due to the orientation conformation of the oligomer PNA probe after being immobilized on the surface of the electrode. Considering the fact that standing up oligomer PNA probe orientation likely would lead to the increment of the current signal where MB easily can interact with the guanines in DNA duplex formation, lying down oligomer probe orientation would lead to the decrement of 5 Journal of Sensors current as the interaction between MB and guanine is inhibited by the wrapped guanine [55,56].…”

Integrated optical and electrochemical detection of Cu2+ ions in water using a sandwich amino acid–gold nanoparticle-based nano-biosensor consisting of a transparent-conductive platform

“…The event was attributed to the electrostatic repulsion between the negatively charge of [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3À/4À redox probe and the COO-group of L-cysteine on the surface of gold nanoparticles. 31 It was clearly revealed that L-cysteine was successfully immobilized on ITO/GNPs surface. As mentioned earlier, the gold disk electrode with the active surface area of about 0.03 cm 2 was also characterized by CV for comparison.…”