The USGS Geomagnetism Program and Its Role in Space Weather Monitoring

Love, Jeffrey J.; Finn, C.

doi:10.1029/2011sw000684

Cited by 51 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…For this analysis, we primarily use 1‐min resolution, definitive B h magnetometer time series acquired at the U.S. Geological Survey Newport (NEW), Washington, magnetic observatory (geographic: 48.27 ∘ N, 117.12 ∘ W; geomagnetic for year 2000: 54.75 ∘ N, 55.72 ∘ W; Love & Finn, ; U.S. Geological Survey, ) and at the Natural Resources Canada Victoria (VIC), British Columbia, magnetic observatory (geographic: 48.52 ∘ N, 123.42 ∘ W; geomagnetic for year 2000: 54.01 ∘ N, 62.84 ∘ W; Newitt & Coles, ); the two observatories are situated on similar geographic and geomagnetic latitudes, but they are separated, mostly in longitude, by 466 km. Vector data from each observatory are recorded as discrete, time‐sequential samples, B h ( t i ) for t 1 , t 2 , t 3 ,…, with a constant 1min= t i − t i − 1 sampling interval; sinusoidal signals with periods shorter than 2‐min (Nyquist) are suppressed by acquisition process filtering.…”

Section: Magnetic Observatory Time Seriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geoelectric Hazard Maps for the Pacific Northwest

et al. 2018

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Maps of extreme value, horizontal component geoelectric field amplitude are constructed for the Pacific Northwest United States (and parts of neighboring Canada). Multidecade long geoelectric field time series are calculated by convolving Earth surface impedance tensors from 71 discrete magnetotelluric survey sites across the region with historical 1-min (2-min Nyquist) geomagnetic variation time series obtained from two nearby observatories. After fitting statistical models to 1-min geoelectric amplitudes realized during magnetic storms, extrapolations are made to estimate threshold amplitudes that are only exceeded, on average, once per century. One hundred-year geoelectric exceedance amplitudes range from 0.06 V/km at a survey site in western Washington State to 9.47 V/km at a site in southeast British Columbia; 100-year geoelectric exceedance amplitudes equal 7.10 V/km at a site north of Seattle and 2.28 V/km at a site north of Portland. Systematic and random errors are estimated to be less than 20%, much less than site-to-site differences in geoelectric amplitude that arise from site-to-site differences in surface impedance. Maps of 100-year exceedance amplitudes are compared with the peak geoelectric amplitudes realized during the March 1989 magnetic superstorm; it is noted that some storms of relatively modest intensity can generate localized geoelectric fields of relatively high amplitude. The geography of geoelectric hazard across the Pacific Northwest is closely related to known geologic and tectonic structures.

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Section: Magnetic Observatory Time Seriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geoelectric Hazard Maps for the Pacific Northwest

et al. 2018

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“…All over the world, magnetic observatories measure GMDs [ Love and Finn, ; Love and Chulliat , ]. These measurements are an indispensable part of the validation of all the models—solar wind models between Sun and Earth, and downstream to GICs.…”

Section: Geomagnetic Disturbance Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Space Weather Is Relevant to Electrical Power Systems

Gaunt¹

2016

Space Weather

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“…Magnetometers around the world, such as those that are part of the International Real-time Magnetic Observatory Network (INTERMAGNET), record the temporal evolution of the geomagnetic fi eld [ Love and Chulliat , 2013 ]; an example time series is shown in Figure 2 ©Tebnad/Dreamstime.com USGS magnetic observatory network produces high-quality magnetometer data for real-time nowcasting of magnetic storm conditions [ Love and Finn , 2011 ]. Similarly integrated geomagnetic monitoring projects are supported in other countries, such as in Canada, the United Kingdom, and Japan.…”

Section: Geomagnetic Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Storms and Induction Hazards

Love¹,

Rigler²,

Pulkkinen³

et al. 2014

EoS Transactions

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Magnetic storms are potentially hazardous to the activities and technological infrastructure of modern civilization. This reality was dramatically demonstrated during the great magnetic storm of March 1989, when surface geoelectric fields, produced by the interaction of the time‐varying geomagnetic field with the Earth's electrically conducting interior, coupled onto the overlying Hydro‐Québec electric power grid in Canada. Protective relays were tripped, the grid collapsed, and about 9 million people were temporarily left without electricity [Bolduc, 2002].

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The USGS Geomagnetism Program and Its Role in Space Weather Monitoring

Cited by 51 publications

References 18 publications

Geoelectric Hazard Maps for the Pacific Northwest

Geoelectric Hazard Maps for the Pacific Northwest

Why Space Weather Is Relevant to Electrical Power Systems

Magnetic Storms and Induction Hazards

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