The use of δ2H and δ18O isotopic analyses combined with chemometrics as a traceability tool for the geographical origin of bell peppers

Abstract

The use of 2H and 18O isotopic analyses combined with chemometrics as a traceability tool for the geographical origin of bell peppers de Rijke, E.; Schoorl, J.C.; Cerli, C.; Vonhof, H.B.; Verdegaal, S.J.A.; Vivó Truyols, G.I.; Lopatka, M.; Dekter, R.; Bakker, D.; Sjerps, M.J.; Ebskamp, M.; de Koster, C.G. Published in: Food Chemistry DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.01.134 Link to publicationCitation for published version (APA): de Rijke, E., Schoorl, J. C., Cerli, C., Vonhof, H. B., Verdegaal, S. J. A., Vivó-Truyols, G., ... de Koster, C. G. (2016). The use of 2H and 18O isotopic analyses combined with chemometrics as a traceability tool for the geographical origin of bell peppers. Food Chemistry, 204, 122-128. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016 General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulationsIf you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. Keywords:Isotope ratio mass spectrometry Gas chromatography Geographic origin Food products authenticity Linear discriminant analysis Likelihood ratio Bell peppers Capsicum annuum a b s t r a c t Two approaches were investigated to discriminate between bell peppers of different geographic origins. Firstly, d 18 O fruit water and corresponding source water were analyzed and correlated to the regional GNIP (Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation) values. The water and GNIP data showed good correlation with the pepper data, with constant isotope fractionation of about À4. Secondly, compoundspecific stable hydrogen isotope data was used for classification. Using n-alkane fingerprinting data, both linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and a likelihood-based classification, using the kernel-density smoothed data, were developed to discriminate between peppers from different origins. Both methods were evaluated using the d 2 H values and n-alkanes relative composition as variables. Misclassification rates were calculated using a Monte-Carlo 5-fold cross-validation procedure. Comparable overall classification performance was achieved, however, the two methods showed sensitivity to different samples. The combined values of d 2 H IRMS, and complimentary information regarding the relative abundance of four main alkanes in bell pepper fruit water, has proven effective for geographic origin discrimination. Evaluation of the rarity of observing particular ranges for these characteristics coul...

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