The use of the ELISPOT technological platform in the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection in patients with HIV infection

Borodulina, Elena; Kudlаy, D.А.; Kuznetsova, A.N.; Гладунова, Е. П.; Kalashnikova, E.V.

doi:10.33029/0206-4952-2021-42-4-395-402

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 3 publications

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“…Это связано с иммуносупрессией у данных пациентов и свидетельствует о необходимости применения, особенно у ВИЧ-позитивных пациентов, более чувствительных в данной ситуации методов, например T-SPOT. TB [1,6].…”

Section: туберкулёз и болезни лёгкихunclassified

Tuberculosis meningitis in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients

Myakisheva

Lapshina

2022

Tuberk. bolezni lëgk.

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The objective: to study the epidemiological rates of tuberculous meningitis (TM) in Smolensk and Kaluga Oblasts in 2015-2020.Subjects and Methods. 51 medical fles (Form no. 003-u) of patients with TM were analyzed, those patients were treated in in-patient settings in Smolensk and Kaluga Oblasts over a 6-year period (2015-2020).Results. The proportion of TM signifcantly correlates with the prevalence of HIV in 2 Oblasts (r = 0.953, p = 0.140 and r = 0.978, p = 0.095, respectively), which allows stating that HIV is the main risk factor for the development of TM. Tuberculous meningitis is more common in men (70.6%) of working age (94.1%), unemployed (60.8%), in combination with pulmonary tuberculosis (64.7%). Late diagnosis of TM is registered in ⅔ of cases; patients fail to undergo the mandatory minimum diagnostic examination. Among patients with HIV infection, TM more often develops in men (90%) of working age (100%), who do not have a regular job (80%), against the background of risk factors (drug addiction, hepatitis C, experience of incarceration), duration of HIV infection up to 10 years and recurrence of tuberculosis. Among HIV positive patients, a severe state, generalized forms of tuberculosis, including lung lesions with scanty bacterial discharge in sputum are registered in 100% of cases.

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Section: туберкулёз и болезни лёгкихunclassified

Tuberculosis meningitis in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients

Myakisheva

Lapshina

2022

Tuberk. bolezni lëgk.

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Latent tuberculosis infection in risk groups of the adult population of the Saratov Region

Morozova

Doktorova²

2023

Medicinskij sovet

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Introduction. The priority of anti-tuberculosis work in the Saratov Region is the early detection of the disease and the prevention of new cases of pathology. The presence of medical and social risk factors for developing tuberculosis significantly increases the risk of developing local forms of tuberculosis, especially if patients have latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI).Aim. To assess the prevalence of LTBI in the adult population with an increased risk of developing tuberculosis in the adult population.Materials and methods. The design of the study is a retrospective non-comparative. The data of patients from high-risk groups for the development of the disease for the period of 2015–2019, examined using a skin test with a recombinant tuberculosis allergen (Diaskintest, Generium JSC, Russia) in the Saratov Region, were analyzed.Results. 153,120 people from medical outpatient risk groups and 3,099 people from social risk groups were examined. Among adults with medical risk factors for developing tuberculosis, the largest number of positive and doubtful results of Diaskintest were recorded in patients with chronic bronchopulmonary pathology – 15.88%; among the group of those surveyed with social risk factors for developing tuberculosis – in persons released from penitentiary institutions (25.88%).Conclusions. The decrease in incidence rates in the Saratov Region confirms the correctness of the chosen tactics regarding the use of the Diaskintest test to identify individuals with LTBI among the adult population and the implementation of measures to reduce the reservoir of tuberculosis infection. Given the effectiveness of the measures taken, it is advisable to work with risk groups for Diaskintest and further examination in a general medical network. To do this, it is necessary to make additions to the current Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated March 21, 2017 No. 124n “On approval of the procedure and terms for conducting preventive medical examinations of citizens in order to detect tuberculosis” regarding the use of recombinant tuberculosis allergen samples in the adult population.

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Results of Long-Term Follow-Up of Patients With Hiv/Tuberculosis Coinfection

Vdoushkina,

Borodulin,

Eremenko

2023

Vrach

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The problem of combined HIV/tuberculosis infection is characterized by a broad social orientation, a serious risk factor for the development of the disease and a factor of death is the use of narcotic substances. The number of patients with HIV/tuberculosis co-infection in the Russian Federation remains high, the majority of cases of tuberculosis in patients with HIV infection are detected in the late stages of the disease, mainly when patients turn to the general treatment network. In recent years, the situation has been complicated by an increase in the proportion of cases of sexual transmission of HIV, the number of infected among young women is growing. The problem of drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis creates many difficulties in terms of diagnosis and treatment. The course of the tuberculosis process in HIV patients, due to pronounced immunosuppression, is often atypical, TB diagnosis is especially difficult at the stage of severe immunodeficiency, the tuberculosis process often proceeds in a generalized form. Treatment of comorbid patients is also a big problem due to the simultaneous administration of a large number of anti-tuberculosis drugs in addition to their lifelong HIV treatment, which leads to a decrease in adherence to treatment. The article presents data from an 11-year follow-up of a cohort of patients with HIV infection and tuberculosis. The clinical and anamnestic data, the experience of HIV infection, the timing and causes of deaths were evaluated. The patients were mainly young men (70%) with a high level of intravenous drug use (77.5%), high hepatitis C virus infection (55%), severe immunosuppression (60.1%), a significant proportion of MDR (43.8%), lack of adherence to antiretroviral therapy (58.8%). 51.25% of patients died during the follow-up period. Due to the high risks of death and other failures of tuberculosis treatment in patients with HIV/TB comorbidity, studies of the results of management of such patients in the long term remain a priority for all regions of the country. The problem of detecting tuberculosis in patients with HIV-infection remains urgent, which requires the interaction of both the phthisiological service and infectious disease specialists, narcologists and primary health care.

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The use of the ELISPOT technological platform in the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection in patients with HIV infection

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Tuberculosis meningitis in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients

Tuberculosis meningitis in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients

Latent tuberculosis infection in risk groups of the adult population of the Saratov Region

Results of Long-Term Follow-Up of Patients With Hiv/Tuberculosis Coinfection

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