The Use of Sports Imagery and Terminology on Cigarette Packs from Fourteen Countries

Kleb, Cerise; Welding, Kevin; Cohen, Joanna E.; Smith, Katherine Clegg

doi:10.1080/10826084.2017.1363236

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Plain and standardized packaging can potentially reduce the influence of branded cigarette packs on increasing product appeal, including among women [ 15 , 16 , 36 , 37 ]. Importantly, such policies could potentially limit exposure to pack branding for other groups such as youth or low-income populations [ 38 , 62], that may also be disproportionately targeted by cigarette pack marketing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data have also been used to explore the different marketing appeals, (e.g. English language, sports imagery, organic/natural descriptors, reduced harm terminology) present on tobacco packs across the study countries [ 38 , 39 , 41 , 42 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, little is known about the extent to which cigarette packs sold in LMICs feature feminine imagery or appeals outside of pack shape and reduced harm claims. Only a small number of studies have examined marketing features present on cigarette packs sold in LMICs [38][39][40][41][42], and none to date has systematically explored the presence of feminine appeals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feminine Appeals on Cigarette Packs Sold in 14 Countries

Czaplicki

Welding

Cohen

et al. 2021

Int J Public Health

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Objective: Limited research has examined feminine marketing appeals on cigarette packs in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). We reviewed a systematically collected sample of cigarette packs sold across 14 LMICs in 2013 (Wave 1) and 2015–2017 (Wave 2).Methods: Packs in Wave 1 (n = 3,240) and Wave 2 (n = 2,336) were coded for feminine imagery and descriptors (flowers, fashion, women/girls, color “pink”). We examined trends in feminine appeals over time, including co-occurrence with other pack features (slim or lipstick shape, flavor, reduced harm, and reduced odor claims).Results: The proportion of unique feminine cigarette packs significantly decreased from 8.6% (n = 278) in Wave 1 to 5.9% (n = 137) in Wave 2 (p < 0.001). Among all feminine packs, flower-and fashion-related features were most common; a substantial proportion also used flavor and reduced odor appeals.Conclusion: While there was a notable presence of feminine packs, the decline observed may reflect global trends toward marketing gender-neutral cigarettes to women and a general contempt for using traditional femininity to market products directly to women. Plain packaging standards may reduce the influence of branding on smoking among women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feminine Appeals on Cigarette Packs Sold in 14 Countries

Czaplicki

Welding

Cohen

et al. 2021

Int J Public Health

Self Cite

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“…23 Data have been published on warning label compliance 24 and the presence of different marketing appeals (eg, reduced harm imagery, feminine appeals, flavour appeals). [25][26][27][28]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study is part of the larger Tobacco Pack Surveillance System (TPackSS) project (https://globaltobaccocontrol.org/tpackss/), which purchases unique tobacco packs sold in low-income and middle-income countries and monitors compliance with health warning label requirements 23. Data have been published on warning label compliance24 and the presence of different marketing appeals (eg, reduced harm imagery, feminine appeals, flavour appeals) 25–28…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culturally specific health-related features on cigarette packs sold in China

et al. 2022

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BackgroundChina is the country with the highest burden of tobacco-caused disease. We characterised the extent to which cigarette pack marketing features (eg, imagery, text, pack color) could potentially mislead consumers by suggesting products are healthy.MethodsWe used two methods: group concept mapping and content analysis. First, we used a group concept mapping approach to generate and sort Chinese consumer responses to an open-ended prompt asking what marketing features suggest a product is ‘healthy’ or ‘good for you’. Second, based on the concept mapping results, we developed a codebook of health-related features on cigarette packs that were relevant to the unique cultural context of product marketing in China. Two trained coders who were native Chinese speakers double-coded a sample of 1023 cigarette packs purchased in 2013 (wave 1) and 2017 (wave 2). We examined differences in the presence of features overall and over time.ResultsOverall, 83.5% (n=854) of Chinese cigarette packs in our sample contained at least one ‘healthy’ or ‘good for you’ feature, and the presence of health-related features on packs remained constant between wave 1 (83.5%, n=354) and wave 2 (83.5%, n=500; p=1.00). Across both waves, the most common categories of culturally specific health features present related to recycling symbols, rare animal imagery, bright colours (eg, bright yellow) and botanical imagery (eg, bamboo, mint).ConclusionHealth-related features on cigarette packs sold in China are common. Enhanced policies to address tobacco packaging, labelling and branding could support and facilitate a reduction in the high tobacco burden in China.

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