The Use of Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) for Assessing Materials Bioactivity in the Context of Tissue Engineering: Review and Challenges

Baino, Francesco; Yamaguchi, Seiji

doi:10.3390/biomimetics5040057

Cited by 131 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 119 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“… 16 , 17 In particular, SBF plays a crucial role as it is the most widespread biomimetic medium used to assess the bioactivity of materials. 18 − 20 Notwithstanding its frequent use, the “nanostructure” of SBF remains unsolved to large degrees. A deeper understanding of the structural dynamics is yet essential due to the influence of solvent properties on mineralization and crystallization phenomena.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation and Evolution of Nanoscale Calcium Phosphate Precursors under Biomimetic Conditions

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Simulated body fluids (SBFs) that mimic human blood plasma are widely used media for in vitro studies in an extensive array of research fields, from biomineralization to surface and corrosion sciences. We show that these solutions undergo dynamic nanoscopic conformational rearrangements on the timescale of minutes to hours, even though they are commonly considered stable or metastable. In particular, we find and characterize nanoscale inhomogeneities made of calcium phosphate (CaP) aggregates that emerge from homogeneous SBFs within a few hours and evolve into prenucleation species (PNS) that act as precursors in CaP crystallization processes. These ionic clusters consist of ∼2 nm large spherical building units that can aggregate into suprastructures with sizes of over 200 nm. We show that the residence times of phosphate ions in the PNS depend critically on the total PNS surface. These findings are particularly relevant for understanding nonclassical crystallization phenomena, in which PNS are assumed to act as building blocks for the final crystal structure.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation and Evolution of Nanoscale Calcium Phosphate Precursors under Biomimetic Conditions

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Corrosion is the first consideration for a material of any type that is to be used in the body because metal ion release takes place mainly due to corrosion of surgical implants [12]. The two main corrosion types that often appear are spot and pitting corrosion, as described in [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Physical-Chemical Behaviour Assessment of 3D-Printed CoCrMo Alloy for Orthopaedic Implants

Mirea¹,

Biris

Ceatra

et al. 2021

Metals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, a CoCrMo-based metallic alloy was manufactured using a 3D-printing method with metallic powder and a laser-based 3D printer. The obtained material was immersed in a simulated body fluid (SBF) similar to blood plasma and kept 2 months at 37 °C and in relative motion against the SBF in order to mimic the real motion of body fluids against an implant. At determined time intervals (24, 72, 168, 336, and 1344 h), both the metallic sample and SBF were characterized from a physical-chemical point of view in order to assess the alloy’s behaviour in the SBF. Firstly, the CoCrMo based metallic sample was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for assessing surface corrosion and X-ray diffraction (XRD) for determining if and/or what kind of spontaneous protective layer was formed on the surface; secondly, the SBF was characterized by pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) for assessing the metal ion release. We determined that a 3D-printed CoCrMo alloy does not represent a potential biological hazard in terms of the concentration of metal ion releases, since it forms, in a relatively short period of time, a protective CoCr layer on its exposed surface.

show abstract

“…Thus, the main aim of this paper is to assess the following aspects in case of implant surface damage: the re-formation of passivated oxide films and the amount of metallic ions released into the SBF. The SBF method as the invitro indicator was widely accepted by researchers immediately after its invention [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Corrosion is the first consideration for a material of any type that is to be used in the body, because metal ion release takes place mainly due to the corrosion of surgical implants. The two main corrosion types that often appear are spot and pitting corrosion, as described in [ 4 , 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Depth Comparative Assessment of Different Metallic Biomaterials in Simulated Body Fluid

Mirea

Cucuruz²,

Ceatra

et al. 2021

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Invitro experiments have been conducted on metallic biomaterials used for orthopedic implants in order to determine their behavior when immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF). Thus, 3Ti-based metallic biomaterial samples already available on the marked were purchased and immersed in simulated blood plasma, and kept at 37 °C for 4 months. In-depth characterization consisted of a wide series of structural characterizations of both the samples and SBF. Sample analysis consisted of the following: optical (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in order to establish the surface and deep corrosion, mass gain/loss assessment for determining the metallic ions loss and/or protective layer formation, and X-ray diffraction in order to establish if and what kind of layers are formed. SBF analysis consisted of using inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) in order to establish if and/or how many metallic ions have dissociated from the metallic samples into the SBF, and measurements of pH and electrical conductivity. The key findings of the research are as follows: during the four months while kept in SBF, the samples show surface corrosion degradation and protective layer generation. Also, the amount of metallic ions dissociated into the SBF is making them suitable for use. Taking into account that it is highly improbable for such a large area of metal as the one considered within this work to be exposed to real body fluids and that all the samples have developed protective oxide films, the overall conclusion is that they are appropriate for implant use.

show abstract

The Use of Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) for Assessing Materials Bioactivity in the Context of Tissue Engineering: Review and Challenges

Cited by 131 publications

References 119 publications

Formation and Evolution of Nanoscale Calcium Phosphate Precursors under Biomimetic Conditions

Formation and Evolution of Nanoscale Calcium Phosphate Precursors under Biomimetic Conditions

In Vitro Physical-Chemical Behaviour Assessment of 3D-Printed CoCrMo Alloy for Orthopaedic Implants

In-Depth Comparative Assessment of Different Metallic Biomaterials in Simulated Body Fluid

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About