The Use of Saliva for Genetic and Epigenetic Research

Nemoda, Zsófia

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-35784-9_6

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Using an MRM method, previously validated [ 19 ] and applied in a similar study [ 23 ], allowed the simultaneous quantification of U-CC16, a biomarker of lung injury, permeability and respiratory diseases, as well as U-β2M and U-RBP4, two potential adjusters for variations in diuresis and renal handling of urinary proteins. For the genotyping and epigenetic methylation biomarkers, previous studies confirmed that saliva is a good non-invasive source [ 57 , 58 , 59 ], with DNA of such high quality that it could be used as an alternative to blood DNA in epidemiological studies [ 48 , 60 , 61 ]. The extracted DNA was analyzed using commercially available qPCR-based genotyping assays to investigate the SNPs CC16 G38A and UGRP1 G112A, which were both found to be associated with respiratory health conditions and the development of hypersensitive response [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Feasibility of a Future Integrated Larger-Scale Epidemiological Study to Evaluate Health Risks of Air Pollution Episodes in Children

Nauwelaerts

Cremer

Sierra

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Air pollution exposure can lead to exacerbation of respiratory disorders in children. Using sensitive biomarkers helps to assess the impact of air pollution on children’s respiratory health and combining protein, genetic and epigenetic biomarkers gives insights on their interrelatedness. Most studies do not contain such an integrated approach and investigate these biomarkers individually in blood, although its collection in children is challenging. Our study aimed at assessing the feasibility of conducting future integrated larger-scale studies evaluating respiratory health risks of air pollution episodes in children, based on a qualitative analysis of the technical and logistic aspects of a small-scale field study involving 42 children. This included the preparation, collection and storage of non-invasive samples (urine, saliva), the measurement of general and respiratory health parameters and the measurement of specific biomarkers (genetic, protein, epigenetic) of respiratory health and air pollution exposure. Bottlenecks were identified and modifications were proposed to expand this integrated study to a higher number of children, time points and locations. This would allow for non-invasive assessment of the impact of air pollution exposure on the respiratory health of children in future larger-scale studies, which is critical for the development of policies or measures at the population level.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Feasibility of a Future Integrated Larger-Scale Epidemiological Study to Evaluate Health Risks of Air Pollution Episodes in Children

Nauwelaerts

Cremer

Sierra

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Today, salivary bioscience continues to evolve and has reached new heights. New windows of opportunity have been opened for behavioral medicine research by, for example, the characterization of the salivary proteome [6]; the ability to obtain high-quality and quantity human DNA, yielding genetic polymorphisms and enabling the assessment of epigenetic markers [7]; the capacity to measure the human oral microbiome and metabolome [8]; and the utility of salivary cardiometabolic markers [9,10]. The integration of contemporary salivary bioscience with behavioral medicine research seems timely, strategic, and low risk with the potential for high reward.…”

Section: The Evolution Of Salivary Biosciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Bioscience and the Future of Behavioral Medicine

Hoyt

2020

Int.J. Behav. Med.

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Behavioral medicine research from across the globe has been catalyzed by the quest to understand the interactions between psychological, social, and physiological factors underlying disparities in human health. A more complete biopsychosocial model increasingly integrates advanced clinical and laboratory assessments of relevant environmental chemicals, biological mediators of inflammation, cardiometabolic and endocrine markers, infectious disease exposure, and genetic polymorphisms determined from saliva specimens. The overarching aims are to identify mechanisms, decode moderating processes that translate adversity into risk, and verify the impact of clinical intervention. This special issue of the International Journal of Behavioral Medicine highlights novel contributions of salivary bioscience with emphasis on research utilizing varied research designs (i.e., experimental, longitudinal, dyadic), incorporating a broad array of salivary analytes, and investigating the influence of psychological and social factors on human health.

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“…An increasingly popular approach to the study of gene-environment interactions in the field of psychology and behavioral sciences includes the measurement of epigenetic marks (e.g., DNA methylation) to help elucidate the role of gene expression (Jones, Moore, & Kobor, 2018). Advances in salivary bioscience to facilitate measurement of epigenetic marks in oral fluid is a particularly promising future direction (Nemoda. 2020), with many additional advances on the horizon as well (for review, see Granger, Zalta, & Taylor, 2020).…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Anxiety and Common OXTR Gene Variant are Associated with Cortisol Response Following Peer Social Challenge

Auer¹,

Grant²,

Mukherjee³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Peer rejection and acceptance experiences are commonplace with potential to promote emotional and adrenocortical stress reactivity. Risk for heightened stress reactivity during these social challenges may be influenced by individual differences in social interaction anxiety (SIA) and the common gene variant, OXTR rs53576, but this relationship remains to be elucidated. We tested the relationship between SIA, OXTR rs53576, and cortisol stress response over time in 53 young adults (Mage=20.13yrs) using an experimental design. Participants were randomized to receive either scripted rejection or acceptance from a group of peer confederates. Saliva samples were collected pre- and post-evaluation and assayed for cortisol. In the peer rejection condition, participants showed significantly lower cortisol responses over time when social interaction anxiety levels were not elevated (versus elevated), and when possessing the GG genotype (versus AA/AG). In the peer acceptance condition, when SIA was not elevated, the GG genotype was associated with significantly lower cortisol responses than the AA/AG genotype. Individual differences in SIA and OXTR 53576 are related to cortisol responses to peer social stressors, with non-elevated levels of SIA and the GG genotype generally contributing to reduced cortisol responsiveness.

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The Use of Saliva for Genetic and Epigenetic Research

Cited by 4 publications

References 64 publications

Assessment of the Feasibility of a Future Integrated Larger-Scale Epidemiological Study to Evaluate Health Risks of Air Pollution Episodes in Children

Assessment of the Feasibility of a Future Integrated Larger-Scale Epidemiological Study to Evaluate Health Risks of Air Pollution Episodes in Children

Salivary Bioscience and the Future of Behavioral Medicine

Social Anxiety and Common OXTR Gene Variant are Associated with Cortisol Response Following Peer Social Challenge

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