The use of questions in psychotherapy: A review of research on immediate outcomes.

Williams, Elizabeth Nutt

doi:10.1037/pst0000471

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Unfortunately, not much research existed on the immediate insession outcomes for many of the skills and methods, so it was not possible for many contributors to conduct meta-analyses on these outcomes. The alternative we proposed was for contributors to calculate box scores to summarize the limited research evidence (see examples in McMullen & Tay, 2023;Williams, 2023). Box This document is copyrighted by the American Psychological Association or one of its allied publishers.…”

Section: Reviewing and Summarizing The Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychotherapy skills and methods: Introduction to the special issue.

Hill

Norcross

2023

Psychotherapy

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This article introduces the special issue of Psychotherapy on evidence-based skills and methods and concomitantly, outlines the purposes and processes of the Interorganizational Task Force that guided the work. We provide the rationale for reviewing psychotherapy skills and methods, define and contrast skills and methods with other components of psychotherapy, describe how to assess skills, methods, and outcomes (immediate in-session, intermediate, and distal), how to link skills and methods with outcomes, and how to summarize the extant research on those skills and methods. Finally, we describe how the research reviews of skills and methods lead to training implications and therapeutic practices.

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Section: Reviewing and Summarizing The Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychotherapy skills and methods: Introduction to the special issue.

Hill

Norcross

2023

Psychotherapy

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“…Although therapists commonly ask questions during therapy, the literature (theoretical and empirical) on questions is relatively sparse (Williams, 2023). In most of the available psychotherapy literature, questions are simply divided into two categories: "Open questions"-often using wh-pronoun forms (e.g., what, who, when, and why); these types of questions are designed to have the effect of encouraging exploration or elaboration on the topic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative studies in organized helping: Transforming relations, emotions and referents through sequentially structured practices

2024

Frontiers Research Topics

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Frontiers is more than just an open access publisher of scholarly articles: it is a pioneering approach to the world of academia, radically improving the way scholarly research is managed. The grand vision of Frontiers is a world where all people have an equal opportunity to seek, share and generate knowledge. Frontiers provides immediate and permanent online open access to all its publications, but this alone is not enough to realize our grand goals. Frontiers journal seriesThe Frontiers journal series is a multi-tier and interdisciplinary set of openaccess, online journals, promising a paradigm shift from the current review, selection and dissemination processes in academic publishing. All Frontiers journals are driven by researchers for researchers; therefore, they constitute a service to the scholarly community. At the same time, the Frontiers journal series operates on a revolutionary invention, the tiered publishing system, initially addressing specific communities of scholars, and gradually climbing up to broader public understanding, thus serving the interests of the lay society, too. Dedication to qualityEach Frontiers article is a landmark of the highest quality, thanks to genuinely collaborative interactions between authors and review editors, who include some of the world's best academicians. Research must be certified by peers before entering a stream of knowledge that may eventually reach the public -and shape society; therefore, Frontiers only applies the most rigorous and unbiased reviews. Frontiers revolutionizes research publishing by freely delivering the most outstanding research, evaluated with no bias from both the academic and social point of view. By applying the most advanced information technologies, Frontiers is catapulting scholarly publishing into a new generation. What are Frontiers Research Topics?Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers journals series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area.

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“…Although therapists commonly ask questions during therapy, the literature (theoretical and empirical) on questions is relatively sparse (Williams, 2023 ). In most of the available psychotherapy literature, questions are simply divided into two categories: “Open questions”—often using wh - pronoun forms (e.g., what, who, when, and why); these types of questions are designed to have the effect of encouraging exploration or elaboration on the topic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 2 For exceptions, see Williams ( 2023 ) on frequency of use and Hill ( 2020 ) and Anvari et al ( 2020 ) on relation to outcome. …”

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confidence: 99%

Strategic use of observer-perspective questions in couples therapy

Muntigl,

Horvath

2023

Front. Psychol.

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Questions are one of the most frequently used strategies in therapy. There is a body of theoretical work on the kinds of questions that are preferred in specific treatment approaches. However, research on the use of questions in general, how they are formed and what specific therapeutic work they do, is relatively scarce in the literature. In this study, we use the conceptual framework and methods of conversation analysis (CA) to examine how systemic questions soliciting clients' perspective on the partners' thoughts and intents (Observer-Perspective Questions; OPQs) are realized interactively in actual clinical practice and the range of therapeutic work they perform in couples therapy. We identified 78 OPQs from archival data of videotaped time-limited couples therapies, a clinical population working with a professional therapist. From this set of 78 OPQs, five excerpts representing diverse use of OPQs were selected. These excerpts were transcribed in detail capturing not only the textual content but also the prosodic, gestural, and non-verbal aspects of these episodes. Using CA methodology, we identified four specific kinds of changes these questions can promote: progress toward relational optimism, support of positive aspects of the couple's relationship, promoting the concept that the couples' experiences and emotions are interlinked, and introducing new creative relational options. Detailed CA analyses of these clinical excerpts allowed us to identify how the OPQ sequences were built to realize these therapeutically useful moves using various conversational resources progressively and interactively. The conversational analysis of these sequences facilitated the exploration of relationships between the ways the questions are formed, timed, and delivered and the specific functions they perform to move the therapy forward. In conclusion, we make the general argument that examining important therapy events through a CA perspective provides a significant complementary vector to quantitative research on the therapy process.

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The use of questions in psychotherapy: A review of research on immediate outcomes.

Cited by 4 publications

References 73 publications

Psychotherapy skills and methods: Introduction to the special issue.

Psychotherapy skills and methods: Introduction to the special issue.

Innovative studies in organized helping: Transforming relations, emotions and referents through sequentially structured practices

Strategic use of observer-perspective questions in couples therapy

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