The use of Phyllanthus niruri L. as an immunomodulator for the treatment of infectious diseases in clinical settings

Tjandrawinata, Raymond R.; Susanto, Liana W; Nofiarny, Dwi

doi:10.12980/apjtd.7.2017d6-287

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…An increase in body weight is indicative of normal health status of the organism, while reduced body weight indicates abnormal health status and degenerative changes in the body. [19]. In the present study, the animals of Nirocil treated group showed a significant increase in their body weight compared to the control group which reflects the good health status of experimental animals.…”

Section: Ghadigaonkar Et Alsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…As far as the immunomodulatory property of these plants is concerned, P. niruri has scientifically been studied and evaluated in various clinical trials on infectious diseases, such as chronic hepatitis B [5,17], pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) [10,11,18,19], vaginitis [20], as well as varicella-zoster infection [21]. In such diseases, the effective immune system is crucial for the treatment and successful eradication of pathogens [19,22]. Ma'at (1996) reported the enhancement in activity and functioning of the immune system by P. niruri extract through stimulation of natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity, secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and decreased interleukin (IL-10) secretions.…”

Section: Effect On Cell-mediated Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ma'at (1996) reported the enhancement in activity and functioning of the immune system by P. niruri extract through stimulation of natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity, secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and decreased interleukin (IL-10) secretions. Thus, P. niruri modulates both humoral and cellular immunity [19]. In Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, IFN-γ is biologically involved in the activation of macrophages.…”

Section: Effect On Cell-mediated Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Immunomodulatory Potential of an Ayurvedic Formulation, Nirocil Syrup in Wistar Rats

Ghadigaonkar

Chawda²,

Thakur

2020

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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Objective: This study aims to assess the immunomodulatory potential of an Ayurvedic formulation, Nirocil syrup, in Wistar rats. Methods: The experiments were conducted on Wistar rats with prior approval from the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee. Nirocil syrup was administered for 6 weeks to experimental animals. Parameters such as hemagglutination titer, histopathology of immunological organs, complete blood count, differential leukocyte count, and immunological paw edema were recorded and compared with controlled (untreated) and becozinc treated groups. Results: Nirocil treated group significantly enhanced the antibody titer in comparison to the control group. The results are supported by the increase in blood lymphocyte count and antigenic stimulation in immunological organs (spleen). Nirocil syrup enhanced antibody formation and suppressed the immunological edema in experimental animals. Conclusions: The study concludes that the Ayurvedic formulation Nirocil syrup has immunopotentiating activity.

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Section: Ghadigaonkar Et Alsupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Effect On Cell-mediated Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect On Cell-mediated Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Assessment of Immunomodulatory Potential of an Ayurvedic Formulation, Nirocil Syrup in Wistar Rats

Ghadigaonkar

Chawda²,

Thakur

2020

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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“…The human immune system is an organized system comprised of many different immune cells such as macrophages, neutrophils, T-lymphocytes, natural killer cells and various other specialized immune molecules that have evolved to mediate resistance against infections. Wide ranging ethnomedicinal or traditional uses of Phyllanthus plants are mainly linked to its active ingredients and broad pharmacological actions, e.g., immunomodulation, anti-viral and antibacterial, diuretic, anti-hyperglycemia and hepatoprotector properties [ 101 ]. Phytochemicals used as immune- stimulants, are superior to conventional chemotherapeutics and antibiotics.…”

Section: Biological Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Components and Biological Activities of the Genus Phyllanthus: A Review of the Recent Literature

Nisar

Ahmed

et al. 2018

Molecules

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Medicinal plants have served humans since prehistoric times to treat various ailments. Both developed and underdeveloped countries rely on traditional systems of medication using natural sources from plants. Phyllanthus is one of the largest genus in the family Phyllanthaceae, comprising over 700 well known species cosmopolitan in distribution mainly in the tropics and subtropics. Phyllanthus species are being in constant used in traditional medications to cure an array of human diseases (constipation, inhalation related, arthritis, loss of appetite, injuries, conjunctivitis, diarrhoea, running nose, common cold, malaria, blennorrhagia, colic, diabetes mellitus, dysentery, indigestion, fever, gout, gonorrheal diseases of males and females, skin itching, jaundice, hepatic disorders, leucorrhea, vaginitis, menstrual irregularities, obesity, stomach pains, and tumors), confectionaries, food industry, and in some pesticides. Phyllanthus species are rich in diversity of phytochemicals e.g., tannins, terpenes, alkaloids, glycosidic compounds, saponins, and flavones etc. More in depth studies are a direly needed to identify more compounds with specific cellular functions to treat various ailments.

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“…Phyllanthus niruri L. with the local name meniran (Indonesia) is one of the natural ingredients that have pharmacological activities. The herbal ingredients of this plant based on clinical trials have immunomodulatory activity [1]. The extract has been reported to increase specific and non-specific immune responses and is useful in immunodeficiency conditions [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan Nanoparticle as a Delivery System for Polyphenols From Meniran Extract (Phyllanthus Niruri L.): Formulation, Optimization, and Immunomodulatory Activity

Pratiwi¹,

Martien

Murwanti

2019

Int J App Pharm

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Objective: This study aims to formulate meniran extract into polymeric nanoparticles. Better stability of active substances in formulas compared to unformulated extracts is expected to increase immunomodulatory activity. Methods: Nanoparticles were formulated using ionic gelation method with chitosan and tripolyphosphate polymers. Optimize the mixture of nanoparticles using simplex lattice design (SLD) with the help of Design-Expert (DX) software. Evaluation of particle size and potential zeta using dynamic light scattering (DLS). Interactions between components were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry-attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) and morphology of the lyophilization results observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Immunomodulatory tests using the latex assay method. The parameters tested included phagocytosis index, phagocytic activity, and nitric oxide secretion. Results: The optimum mixture of the formulation process was obtained in the composition of chitosan 0.270 %, extract 0.626 %, and tripolyphosphate 0.074 % with desirability value of 0.841. Optimal response with particle size 434.7±3.90 d. nm, polydispersity index 0.285±0.03 and entrapment efficiency 62.98±0.65 %. The zeta potential value in the optimum formula is 11.9±0.1 mV with a positive charge. Phagocytosis index and phagocytic activity of nanoparticles differed significantly (p<0.05) compared with unformulated extracts. Conclusion: Meniran extract was successfully formulated into polymeric nanoparticles using chitosan-tripolyphosphate polymer. The developed nanoparticles have the immunomodulatory activity that is better than unformulated extract.

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The use of Phyllanthus niruri L. as an immunomodulator for the treatment of infectious diseases in clinical settings

Cited by 20 publications

References 64 publications

Assessment of Immunomodulatory Potential of an Ayurvedic Formulation, Nirocil Syrup in Wistar Rats

Assessment of Immunomodulatory Potential of an Ayurvedic Formulation, Nirocil Syrup in Wistar Rats

Chemical Components and Biological Activities of the Genus Phyllanthus: A Review of the Recent Literature

Chitosan Nanoparticle as a Delivery System for Polyphenols From Meniran Extract (Phyllanthus Niruri L.): Formulation, Optimization, and Immunomodulatory Activity

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