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The choice of methods for storing feed and the processes of their processing in farms is the most important task for maintaining the qualitative composition of feed components, which determined the relevance of our work. In this work, we consider the technology of feed granulation, its features, as well as the technical means used for this process. Two granulation technologies (wet and dry) were analyzed and the advantages and disadvantages of each were identified. Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of feed before and after granulation are considered. The positive effect of granular feed on the breakdown of protein in young cattle, a high digestibility, and, consequently, an increase in the productivity of animals is observed. It should be noted that the granulation of waste processing industry can extend their shelf life and increase overall nutritional value. In addition, processed granular waste in combination with other feeds can replace up to 50.0% of grain in the diets of farm animals. The paper gives a brief analysis of the main manufacturers of industrial granularizers with a ring matrix, as well as the technical characteristics of their products. This analysis confirms the popularity of feed granulation in the Russian Federation, which is confirmed by a wide range of manufactured equipment of various capacities.
The choice of methods for storing feed and the processes of their processing in farms is the most important task for maintaining the qualitative composition of feed components, which determined the relevance of our work. In this work, we consider the technology of feed granulation, its features, as well as the technical means used for this process. Two granulation technologies (wet and dry) were analyzed and the advantages and disadvantages of each were identified. Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of feed before and after granulation are considered. The positive effect of granular feed on the breakdown of protein in young cattle, a high digestibility, and, consequently, an increase in the productivity of animals is observed. It should be noted that the granulation of waste processing industry can extend their shelf life and increase overall nutritional value. In addition, processed granular waste in combination with other feeds can replace up to 50.0% of grain in the diets of farm animals. The paper gives a brief analysis of the main manufacturers of industrial granularizers with a ring matrix, as well as the technical characteristics of their products. This analysis confirms the popularity of feed granulation in the Russian Federation, which is confirmed by a wide range of manufactured equipment of various capacities.
The human impact on the environment has led to the contamination of food raw materials and food products with toxic substances of various origins. A large global problem for the production of crop and livestock products was production and consumption waste, which are toxic to the environment and humans. Therefore, the global development of food production has a clear tendency to ensure its safety. Currently, special attention is being paid to the issues of production and sale, quality control and high-grade food products. This is one of the priority issues for introducing new systems for managing product quality and food safety. In the most general sense, food safety is the absence of possible damage, harm. Such a definition is relative and probabilistic, i.e. at the moment there is no threat, but it may arise in the future, or there is no mortal danger, for example, for a person, but there is a danger to his health. Therefore, when assessing suppliers of raw materials, a risk-based approach is often used based on an assessment not only of the actual condition of the enterprise, but also on further risks from the supplier. The goal of reducing the risk of diseases caused by the consumption of pollutants has been identified as one of the most important food safety issues in the country and around the world. Grain processing products are one of the main types of raw materials for the processing industry. Therefore, it is strategically important to consider the risks of wheat entering the mills. The article provides an overview of modern criteria for assessing suppliers of grain for the production of flour, taking into account global trends in the development of crops, as well as methods for assessing them.
Fermentation of wheat grain was carried out for 12 hours at pH 4.5 and a temperature of 50 °C using a complex phytase-based enzyme preparation. The fermentation process has affected the change in the microstructure of the surface and structure of the shells, the aleuron layer and the endosperm of wheat grain. As a result of wetting and soaking of grain in water and a solution of a complex enzyme preparation based on phytase, changes in the polypeptide composition of the protein occurred. The process of fermentation of wheat grain contributed to the growth of antioxidant activity and the number of flavonols compared to native dry grain.
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