The use of ‘normal’ rats in studies on the acid mucopolysaccharides of lung

Fs, Wusteman; Db, Johnson; Ks, Dodgson

doi:10.1016/0024-3205(68)90257-9

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The age-related decrease in the ratio of parenchymal chondroitin 4-sulfate to chondroitin 6-sulfate is in contrast to rabbit cartilage, in which this ratio increases with age (36). In human costal and tracheobronchial cartilage this ratio decreases with age (34,36 into GAG for at least 10 h (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…1) might be offset by decreases in GAG concentration in the large vasculature. Measurements of lung GAG must also take into account the state of the organ in regards to infection, since the infected rat lung shows marked increases in lung GAG (34). The lungs of the inbred strain of rabbits used in this study had no infection either grossly or microscopically.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Content and synthesis of glycosaminoglycans in the developing lung.

Horwitz¹,

Crystal²

1975

J. Clin. Invest.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A B S T R A C T The function of lung is fundamentally linked to the connective tissue composition of the alveolar interstitium. The composition and synthesis of one class of interstitial connective tissue components, the glycosaminoglycans (GAG), was determined in lung parenchyma of rabbits at different stages of development. Parenchymal GAG content ranged between 0.2 and 0.4% (wt/wt) of dry weight, with highest concentration in adult lung. There were significant changes in types of GAG present at different ages. Fetal lungs contained a relatively high proportion of chondroitin 4-sulfate while the GAG in lung parenchyma of older animals was predominantly dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate, and heparin. Methods were developed for the study of rates of synthesis of GAG by incorporation of [1-'4C]glucosamine into lung explants. The rate of synthesis of total GAG per cell increased with development to a maximum in lung from weanling rabbits and fell to low rates of synthesis in mature rabbits. Fetal rabbit lung parenchyma synthesized mostly hyaluronic acid and heparan sulfate, while in weanling rabbit parenchyma hyaluronic acid and chondroitin 4/6-sulfate synthesis was greatest. In mature animals, the rates of synthesis of all types of GAG were relatively low structure, determination of lung mechanical properties, interchange of nutrients and metabolites between the capillary and epithelial cells, and diffusion of 02 and C02 between the alveolar gas and the blood. The two major constituents of interstitial connective tissue, collagen and elastin, comprise more than 90% of the noncellular interstitial dry weight. The remainder has been termed the "amorphous ground substance" (1, 2).The term "amorphous" is used because this material is poorly defined morphologically. It is known to include serum proteins, glycoproteins, cellular metabolites, small solutes (,e.g., glucose, urea, salts), and proteoglycans (3). The latter are macromolecules composed of a protein backbone with multiple, large polysaccharide side chains termed glycosaminoglycans (GAG) 1 (4). The GAG also include hyaluronic acid, which may not be part of a protein-polysaccharide complex. In tissues other than lung and in simplified model systems with purified components, it has been shown that specific types of GAG will: (a) associate with other connective tissue elements (5, 6); (b) influence the rate of synthesis of connective tissue components (7, 8); (c) affect the hydration of connective tissue (9); and (d) influence the rate of collagen fibril formation and subsequent stability of these fibrils (5, 10). Thus, the quantity and type of GAG in the lung interstitium may have significant effects on the mechanical properties of the lung as well as on gas, solute, and fluid movements between the alveolar space and capillary (11). It is the purpose of this study to describe methods to quantitate the composition and synthesis of GAG in the lung interstitium and to define the normal pattern of GAG accumulation and synthesis in the growing lung. METHODSMaterial...

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Content and synthesis of glycosaminoglycans in the developing lung.

Horwitz¹,

Crystal²

1975

J. Clin. Invest.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For instance, the blood oxygen saturation levels at rest are considerably lower than in SPF rats (King & Bell, 1966). Also, the acid mucopolysaccharide levels in connective tissue from the lungs of adult conventional rats are higher and more variable than in SPF rats (Wusteman, Johnson, Dodgson & Bell, 1968). Conventional rats also, carry Bartonella muris, a blood parasite which produces a severe haemolytic anaemia after removal of the spleen, but this is not found in SPF rats, which remain healthy after splenectomy (Bell, Elmes & Wheeler, 1964).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of caesarian-derived rats to natural infection with chronic respiratory disease

Bell

Wheeler

1970

Lab Anim

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Young caesarian-derived rats, sharing cages with conventional rats, developed chronic respiratory disease after 2 months if the conventional rats were young, and after 1 month if they were old. Old caesarian-derived rats developed the disease after only 2 weeks of exposure, irrespective of the age of the cage mate. In long-term experiments, caesarian-derived rats acquired chronic respiratory disease from conventional rats even when kept separately in wiremesh cages adjacent to theirs. If caesarian-derived rats were kept in a separate cage 4 feet away from infected stock more than 1/3 of the rats did not develop chronic respiratory disease, and in the remainder the disease was retarded. When facilities are restricted and it is desirable to use caesarian-derived stock these, if young, could be housed with young conventional rats for up to 2 months with little risk of developing chronic respiratory disease.

show abstract

“…Six cartilages, two elastic (external ear and epiglottis) and four hyaline (nasal septum, trachea, thyroid and cricoid), from a 2-year-old steer and the extemal ear of New Zealand White rabbits (of ages ranging up to 2 years) were dissected free of surrounding tissue. Dry cartilage was subjected to proteolytic digestion (Scott, 1960) and, after preliminary purification (Wusteman, Johnson, Dodgson & Bell, 1968), the glycosaminoglycan mixture was fractionated on Dowex 1 (X2; 200-400 mesh; Clform) with a stepwise gradient of 0.8M-, 1.7M-and 5.0M-NaCl. Collagen and elastin content of the dried cartilage was deduced from the hydroxyproline content (Stegemann, 1958) before and after alkaline extraction (Lansing, Rosenthal, Alex & Dempsey, 1952).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%