The use of measurements of soil mineral N in 
understanding the response of crops to fertilizer 
nitrogen in intensive cropping rotations

Rahn, Clive; Paterson, C.; Vaidyanathan, L. V.

doi:10.1017/s0021859698005310

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…However, using the balance advisory system of the N-Expert system, N supply levels were simply recommended as 110, 155, and 250 kg N ha −1 for amaranth, spinach and cauliflower, respectively (Table 3). Rahn et al (1998) found no yield response Figure 1. Nitrogen uptake patterns of two field vegetable crops in comparison with estimated data from the N-Expert system (W1, conventional irrigation practice; W2, 50% to 80% of PESW; N1, conventional fertilizer N application rate; N2, fertilizer N recommendation from N-Expert system; predicted uptake by N-Expert system).…”

Section: Crop Growth and Nitrogen Uptakementioning

confidence: 95%

Use of a Modified N-Expert System for Vegetable Production in the Beijing Region

Chen¹,

Zhang²,

Li³

et al. 2005

Journal of Plant Nutrition

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A series of field experiments were conducted over a three-year period to test a modified N-Expert system (the decision support system for nitrogen recommendations) with different irrigation regimes for a rotation of amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor L.), spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), and cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L.). Local commercial fertilizer practice based on farmer surveys was selected as the control, and irrigation treatments followed conventional practice with a balanced irrigation schedule. Some parameters, notably target yields and net mineralization rates, were modified according to local conditions, and most were referenced from the database of the N-Expert system in the first cultivation year of the rotation. Parameters were tested in earlier field experiments and were fine-tuned in later experiments. No significant yield reduction occurred below conventional nitrogen (N) practice using the recommended N treatment (N2) with different water treatments, except for irrigation treatments between 60% and 90% of PESW (plant extractable soil water: the difference between field capacity and wilting point) in 2000 and conventional irrigation practice in 2001 for cauliflower. There was a significant decrease in residual N min at harvest in treatments using the modified N-Expert recommendation system compared with conventional N practice. This indicates that there is considerable potential for use of the N recommendation system for sustainable vegetable production in the North China Plain.

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Section: Crop Growth and Nitrogen Uptakementioning

confidence: 95%

Use of a Modified N-Expert System for Vegetable Production in the Beijing Region

Chen¹,

Zhang²,

Li³

et al. 2005

Journal of Plant Nutrition

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“…In the cabbage and cauliflower paddocks, some of the mineral N may have originated from the large amount of crop residues that was returned to the soil when the previous crop was harvested. The residues of these vegetable crops have low C:N ratios, so rapidly mineralise when incorporated into the soil (De Neve & Hofman 1998;Rahn et al 1998;Goulding 2000;Mitchell et al 2000). After winter leaching, mean soil profile mineral N contents were still significantly greater in the potato and greens paddocks than in the dairy paddocks (Table 1).…”

Section: Soil Mineral N Contentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…data). Consequently, the rapid mineralisation of residues from the previous greens crops may have contributed to the larger than expected nitrate leaching losses from the greens paddocks (De Neve & Hofman 1998;Rahn et al 1998;Goulding 2000;Mitchell et al 2001).…”

Section: Soil Solution Nitrate Concentrations and Nitrate Leaching Lomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The return of large amounts of postharvest plant residues also contributes to the high leaching loss potential under vegetable cropping. The returned residues usually have low C:N ratios and mineralise rapidly when incorporated, resulting in the accumulation of large amounts of nitrate in the soil (De Neve & Hofman 1998;Rahn et al 1998;Mitchell et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Winter nitrate leaching losses from three land uses in the Pukekohe area of New Zealand

Francis¹,

Trimmer

Tregurtha

et al. 2003

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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The effects of three different land uses (dairy grazing, winter potatoes, and winter greens [spinach, cauliflower or cabbage] production) on soil mineral N contents and nitrate leaching losses from late June to early October 2000 were investigated on 18 commercial paddocks. All paddocks were in the Pukekohe area (approximately 50 km south of Auckland) on Patumahoe clay loam soils and received typical management practices for the district. On average, dairy paddocks received the least amount of N fertiliser during the study period (84 kg N ha -1 ), had the lowest soil mineral N content in June (32 kg N ha -1 ) and had the lowest leaching loss (15 kg N ha -1 ). On average, potato paddocks received the greatest amount of N fertiliser (481 kg N ha -1 ), had the greatest soil mineral N content in June (184 kg N ha -1 ) and had the greatest leaching loss (114 kg N ha -1 ). The winter greens paddocks were intermediate between the other land uses. Leaching losses from the potato and greens paddocks were the result of large applications of fertiliser N before winter and the rapid mineralisation of residues from the previous greens crops.

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“…Such a model is also able to predict the amount of N in crop residues, which contain more than 50 % of total N uptake of cauliflower (Rahn et al 1992;. These large N residues may affect the N supply of a succeeding crop (Rahn et al 1998) and/or the possible N-losses through leaching (De Neve & Hofman 1998) and denitrification (Schloemer 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspects of nitrogen use efficiency of cauliflower II. Productivity and nitrogen partitioning as influenced by N supply

2003

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SU MMARYBased on studies concerning dry matter (DM) partitioning, DM production, root growth, nitrogen (N) contents of cauliflower organs and soil nitrate availability (first part of the paper Kage et al. 2003 b), an integrated simulation model for the cauliflower/soil system is constructed, parameterized and evaluated.Dry matter production of cauliflower is described and predicted using a simple light use efficiency (LUE) based approach assuming a linear decrease of light use efficiency with increasing differences between actual, NCA Prot , and ' optimal ', NCAopt Prot area based leaf protein concentrations. For 2 experimental years the decline of LUE with decreasing nitrogen concentration was at 0 . 82 and 0 . 75 (g DMrm 2 /(MJrg N)). Using the parameters obtained from the first experimental year shoot DM production data of cauliflower from five independent experiments with varied N supply containing intermediate harvests could be predicted with a residual mean square error (RMSE ) of 72 g/m 2 for intermediate harvest DM values ranging from about 50 to 900 g/m 2 . Nitrogen uptake and partitioning of cauliflower was simulated using functions describing an organ size dependent decline of N content. Leaf nitrate was considered explicitly as a radiation intensity dependent pool, mobilized first under N deficiency. The curd was assumed to have a sink priority for nitrogen. The model predicted shoot N uptake including data of intermediate harvest with a RMSE of 2 . 4 g/m 2 for intermediate harvest N values ranging from about 3 to 30 g/m 2 . Nitrogen uptake of cauliflower at final harvest was correlated to final leaf number.A scenario simulation was carried out to quantify seasonal variation in N uptake of cauliflower cultivars under unrestricted N availability. Due to variations in the length of the vernalization phase, simulated shoot N uptake ranged from about 260 kg N/ha for spring planted crops to about 290 kg N/ha for summer planted crops of the cultivar 'Fremont '. The cultivar ' Linday ', which shows a more severe delay of vernalization under high temperatures, shows on average a larger shoot N uptake for summer planted crops of about 320 kg N/ha and a much larger variation of shoot N uptake.

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The use of measurements of soil mineral N in understanding the response of crops to fertilizer nitrogen in intensive cropping rotations

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Use of a Modified N-Expert System for Vegetable Production in the Beijing Region

Use of a Modified N-Expert System for Vegetable Production in the Beijing Region

Winter nitrate leaching losses from three land uses in the Pukekohe area of New Zealand

Aspects of nitrogen use efficiency of cauliflower II. Productivity and nitrogen partitioning as influenced by N supply

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