The use of hormonal treatments to improve the reproductive performance of lactating dairy cows in feedlot or pasture-based management systems

Lucy, M.C.; McDougall, S; Nation, D.P

doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2004.05.004

Cited by 82 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Consequently, plasma GH concentrations are kept high after parturition, and these high GH levels can sustain milk production by promoting lipolysis in adipose tissue and ketogenesis in the liver [24,25]. The present study showed that the NEFA and ketone body concentrations of the anovulatory cows were higher than in the ovulatory cows.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Metabolic Profiles in Ovulatory and Anovulatory Primiparous Dairy Cows During the First Follicular Wave Postpartum

et al. 2007

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Abstract. Metabolic hormones affect ovarian function in the cow. However, the relationship between metabolic factors and ovarian function is not clear in the postpartum primiparous cow because they are still growing. The aim of the present study was to investigate in detail the time-dependent profile of the metabolic hormones, metabolites, and milk yields of ovulatory and anovulatory primiparous cows during the first follicular wave postpartum. We used 16 primiparous Holstein cows and obtained blood samples for the profiles of metabolites (glucose; non-esterified fatty acid, NEFA; ketone body; total cholesterol; and aspartate aminotransferase), metabolic hormones (growth hormone, GH; insulin-like growth factor-I, IGF-1; and insulin), and progesterone every other day from 1 to 21 days postpartum. In addition, all ovaries were observed using ultrasound. Dairy milk yield was recorded during the experimental period. In all cows, the first follicular wave postpartum was observed and 6 of the cows ovulated. The plasma glucose (P<0.0001) and IGF-1 (P<0.001) concentrations were lower and the plasma NEFA (P<0.0001) and ketone bodies (P<0.0001) concentrations and daily milk yield (P<0.0001) were higher in the anovulatory cows compared to the ovulatory cows. However, the GH levels, which enhance lipolysis for milk production, insulin and other metabolites did not differ between the two groups. In conclusion, the present study suggests that anovulation of the dominant follicle during the first follicular wave postpartum in primiparous cows is induced by low IGF-1 levels that are similar to those of multiparous cows. In addition, anovulatory cows are likely to mobilize body fat stores for milk production more easily than ovulatory cows.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Metabolic Profiles in Ovulatory and Anovulatory Primiparous Dairy Cows During the First Follicular Wave Postpartum

et al. 2007

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“…One of the short-term strategies for increasing fertility in dairy cows is the intensive reproductive management of estrous and ovulation by hormonal treatments [87]. Although these treatments increase the estrus detection rate and the submission rate to insemination, the conception and pregnancy rates are not always able to be increased.…”

Section: Anestrous Ovulation; Incidence and Reversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical Aspects of the Fertility of Dairy Cattle

Sakaguchi

2011

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. To establish sustainability in the dairy industry, it is important that cows become pregnant at a biologically optimal time and at an economically profitable interval after calving. In this review, the results obtained from Holstein cattle in an experimental herd for dairy research are summarized. First, the effect of age at first calving of heifers on productive and reproductive performance was examined. A reduction in calving age from 25.1 to 21.5 months with the same growth rate during the first 12 months after birth had no negative effects on the heifers' performance. Second, the postpartum follicular dynamics of lactating cows were traced in relation to their fertility, and the emergence and fate of cystic ovarian follicles were examined. The premature initiation of ovarian activity does not always improve the fertility of cows as indicated by the number of days open. Third, the occurrences of anestrous ovulation during the early postpartum period were analyzed with reference to the frequency of reversion to anestrus. The premature onset of estrous activity also did not improve fertility, and relapse back into anestrus after the onset of the estrous cycle often occurred during the breeding period. Fourth, some indices for the occurrence of postpartum reproductive events were evaluated as an indicator of the reproductive performance of lactating cows. The milk yield and percentage of body weight loss could be indicators for reproductive events. Finally, the potency of a pedometry system for the detection of typical and atypical estrous behaviors of heifers and lactating cows was evaluated in terms of efficiency and accuracy. The location of the pedometers and housing conditions for the animals affected the estrus detection of the system. These results represent the reproductive potential of modern high-yielding dairy cattle and provide a baseline to evaluate their reproduction. Key words: Dairy cow, Estrus, Fertility, Milk production, Ovulation (J. Reprod. Dev. 57: [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] 2011) he challenges facing dairy cattle fertility consist of two heterogeneous factors: the biological changes in the dairy cattle per se [1][2][3] and the continual changes in dairy herd management and the economic environment of the dairy industry [4][5][6]. The biological factor encompasses some globally common features concerning the genetic improvement of modern high-yielding dairy cattle, such as metabolic profiles and reproductive function [7][8][9][10]. However, the second, i.e., human or economic, factor differs among nations, areas and individual herds, and management decisions largely impact the fertility measurement in relation to the changing biological and economic demands [11][12][13][14][15]. In this review, previously obtained results concerning the reproductive physiology and performance of modern dairy cattle are summarized and discussed for practical implications.The body growth capacity of dairy heifers has been steadily increased by selection fo...

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“…Hormonal oestrus synchronization could be used for increasing the probability of oestrus detection, much calving with feed availability and market demand for dairy products and increase pregnancy rates of dairy cattle (Azage et al, 2012;Lucy et al, 2004). There are different types of protocols available for synchronizing oestrus in cattle (Gizaw et al, 2016).…”

Section: Livestockmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of oestrus synchronization and mass artificial insemination service of dairy cattle in Mizan Aman area, Bench Maji zone, South West Ethiopia

Fantahun¹,

Admasu²

2017

Int. J. Livest. Prod.

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The objectives of this study were to assess the hormonal response, conception rate, calving rate and perception of farmers towards the technology. From 220 cows and heifers brought by farmers for the services, 65% (143) that fulfilled the selection criteria were selected and injected with 2 ml of Cloprostenol. Data on the history of each heifers and cows, number of heifers and cows responsive to hormonal treatment, conception and calving rates were collected. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results of the finding showed that 91(63.64%) of cows and heifers were responsive to hormonal treatment. Majority 81(89.01%) of responding cows and heifers were inseminated. Finally, 11(13.58%) of calves were delivered. Oestrus response rate was relatively high, but conception rates and calving rates were very low. The lower percentages of conception rate which was observed in this study were associated with heat detection problems of farmers, distance from artificial insemination (AI) service centers, timing of insemination and poor husbandry practice of heifers and cows. To improve the effectiveness of the technology, there is a g reat need of skilled and experienced technician, and capacity building of farmers in heat detection and husbandry practices. Improvements in facilities and management should be necessary before implementing effective estrous synchronization and mass artificial insemination program.

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The use of hormonal treatments to improve the reproductive performance of lactating dairy cows in feedlot or pasture-based management systems

Cited by 82 publications

References 47 publications

Metabolic Profiles in Ovulatory and Anovulatory Primiparous Dairy Cows During the First Follicular Wave Postpartum

Metabolic Profiles in Ovulatory and Anovulatory Primiparous Dairy Cows During the First Follicular Wave Postpartum

Practical Aspects of the Fertility of Dairy Cattle

Evaluation of oestrus synchronization and mass artificial insemination service of dairy cattle in Mizan Aman area, Bench Maji zone, South West Ethiopia

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