The use of extruded chickpeas in diets for growing-finishing pigs

Abstract

AbstrAct:The effect of partial and total replacement of soybean meal (SBM) with extruded chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) and partial replacement of SBM with raw chickpeas on pig growth and carcass characteristics was determined in a 17 week experiment. Sixty growing-finishing pigs were allocated to five dietary treatments: CKP0, ECKP100, ECKP200, ECKP300 and CKP100 of 12 animals each, and received a diet ad libitum. The diet for CKP0 treatment had no chickpeas (control), while those for treatments ECKP100, ECKP200 and ECKP300 included 100, 200 and 300 kg/t of extruded (at 120°C for 20 s) chickpeas, respectively, and for treatment CKP100 it included 100 kg/t of raw chickpeas. Body weight (BW) gain linearly increased (P < 0.05) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) linearly decreased (P < 0.05) with the inclusion of increasing levels of extruded chickpeas during the growing period. However, in both the growing and finishing period, there were no differences between extruded chickpea inclusion treatments in final BW, BW gain, daily feed consumption (DFC), FCR, and carcass yield traits. Partial replacement of SBM with raw chickpeas negatively affected (P < 0.05) BW gain and DFC during the finishing period. Extrusion offers a practical method for the heat processing of chickpeas for use in pig diets. Thus, extruded chickpeas can be used as an alternative protein source to SBM at inclusion levels up to 300 kg/t of diet.

Nutritional Potentials of Atypical Feed Ingredients for Broiler Chickens and Pigs

“…As observed with other legumes such as FB and FP, CKP contains ANFs such as amylase and protease inhibitors, as well as lectins and polyphenols [ 15 , 86 ]. The use of extrusion and heat treatments on raw CKP has been reported to remove most of the ANF and increase its utilization in the diets of pigs and broiler chickens [ 38 ]. Inclusion of CKP in diets of weaned pigs at 30% reduced growth, feed efficiency, and protein digestibility, but did not impact feed intake and energy digestibility [ 16 ].…”

“…Paszkiewicz et al [ 69 ] reported a reduction in saturated fatty acids and an increase in the unsaturated fatty acids composition of the subcutaneous fat in broiler chickens when CKP was included in broiler chicken diets. It has been suggested that CKP can be included in diets of weaning pigs at 15% [ 16 ], finishing pigs at 30% [ 15 , 38 ], and broiler chickens at 12–15% [ 39 , 89 ].…”