“…However, despite the rising interest in leadership development (Day, 2000;Day, Fleenor, Atwater, Sturm, & McKee, 2014), building knowledge about leadership often remains an end in itself, with comparably little attention paid to how managers experience transferring their leadership learning into leadership action in organizations (Blanchard, Meyer, & Ruhe, 2007;Blume, Ford, Baldwin, & Huang, 2010;Pfeffer & Sutton, 2000). This may be aided by a general lack of follow-up to determine the effectiveness of leadership development for the desired positive impacts on the attitudes, behaviors and performance of managers (Avolio, Avey, & Quisenberry, 2010;Collins & Holton, 2004) and the return on leadership development investment in organizations (Avolio et al, 2010;Richard, Holton Iii, & Katsioloudes, 2014).…”