-A workshop was convened to examine factors determining patient self-management and implications for those providing care. It was attended by 15 doctors and 15 nurses with considerable expertise in education for those with diabetes. Discussion included: the experience of training programmes to date factors determining effective patient selfmanagement the implications for training of professionals, skills required, their current availability and proposals for their development.The conclusions were that training and experience of these skills are both inadequate. Programmes of training, which are equally applicable to the management of other chronic diseases, should be embedded in the system of care and delivered at local level. Regional or national programmes are required to develop trainers in all districts able to deliver and maintain local programmes. This critical element of care in diabetes must be adequately funded if self-care standards are to be improved and expensive complications prevented.
KEY WORDS: behavioural modification, diabetes, patient education, professional skills, trainingPioneering work in the 1980s 1,2 promoted patient education to enable successful outcomes in diabetes self-management. Despite significant advances in the technology of diabetes care, most patients still do not achieve optimal control of their blood glucose, blood pressure or weight. 3,4 Frustrated clinicians search for technological solutions, despite evidence that the difficulty is as much psychological as pharmacological, and many remain untrained in the educational process and communication skills that could improve their patients' self-management. Several years ago the education section of the British Diabetes Association (now Diabetes UK) produced a consensus document emphasising the need for such training but the response has been muted and slow.A workshop was convened in November 2001 in Barford under the auspices of the Diabetes Education Study Group (UK) to test the opinions of 30 experienced specialists in diabetes education to examine the: factors responsible for the deficiencies in self-care knowledge, attitudes and skills required of professionals who provide care training requirements to achieve the highest standards of these attributes.
The workshops' experienceDiabetes Education Study Group workshops began in Ipswich in 1981 and still continue once or twice a year. In the first few years participants were, in the main, senior doctors and nurses. The workshops were widely acclaimed, many participants acknowledging the important contribution new insights made in changing their attitudes to and delivery of care. Over time, participants have been arriving with less experience, often still in training, but few from primary care. The terminology used has changed considerably, suggesting a greater acceptance of the need for a patient or learner centred approach. However, observing participants during patient consultation exercises shows that this approach is not always sustained in practice. Enthusiasm, p...