The Use of Deuterium Oxide for the Prediction of Body Composition in Live Dairy Cattle

Odwongo, Willie O.; Conrad, H.R.; Staubus, Alfred E.

doi:10.1093/jn/114.11.2127

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Therefore, the isotope dilution technique seems to be the most accurate and noninvasive method to date to measure TBW in living animals and humans. Furthermore, comparative carcass analysis, measuring TBW directly in many species, was in good agreement with the estimation by the dilution procedure (Pinson 1952; Panaretto 1968; Houseman et al 1973; Sheng and Huggins 1979; Odwongo et al 1984; Schoeller et al 1986; Bowen and Iverson 1998). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Estimating total body water content in suckling and lactating llamas (Lama glama) by isotope dilution

Riek

Gerken

2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Total body water (TBW) in 17 suckling and six lactating llamas was estimated from isotope dilution at three different post natum and lactation stages using both 18O and deuterium oxide (D2O). In total, 69 TBW measurements were undertaken. While TBW in lactating dams, expressed in kilogram, remained stable during the three measurement periods (91.8 ± 15.0 kg), the body water fraction (TBW expressed in percent of body mass) increased slightly (P = 0.042) from 62.9% to 65.8%. In contrast, TBW (kilogram) in suckling llamas increased significantly (P < 0.001) with age and decreased slightly when expressed as a percentage of body mass (P = 0.016). Relating TBW to body mass across all animals yielded a highly significant regression equation (TBW in kilogram = 2.633 + 0.623 body mass in kilogram, P < 0.001, n = 69) explaining 99.5% of the variation. The water fraction instead decreased in a curve linear fashion with increasing body mass (TBW in percent of body mass = 88.23 body mass in kilogram−0.064, P < 0.001, R2 = 0.460). The present results on TBW can serve as reference values for suckling and lactating llamas, e.g., for the evaluation of fluid losses during disease. Additionally, the established regression equations can be used to predict TBW from body mass, providing that the body masses fall inside the range of masses used to derive the equations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Estimating total body water content in suckling and lactating llamas (Lama glama) by isotope dilution

Riek

Gerken

2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

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“…The D 2 O enrichment curve of plasma water between 20 min and 12 h after a bolus of D,O was administered to young lambs was found by Robelin (1977) to be best described by a second-order exponential decay curve. Since then, other researchers have attempted to fit kinetic models to D 2 O and TOH kinetics in ruminants (Odwongo et al, 1984 andFerrell and Jenkins, 1984;Faichney and Boston, 1985;Martin and Ehle, 1986). Since then, other researchers have attempted to fit kinetic models to D 2 O and TOH kinetics in ruminants (Odwongo et al, 1984 andFerrell and Jenkins, 1984;Faichney and Boston, 1985;Martin and Ehle, 1986).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently, attention has been directed to using models of water kinetics which include two or more water pools in efforts to separate GIT water from empty body water (EBW) in ruminants (Byers, 1979;Ferrell and Jenkins, 1984;Odwongo, Conrad and Staubus, 1984;Arnold, Hentges and Trenkle, 1985;Faichney and Boston, 1985;Odwongo, Conrad, Staubus and Harrison, 1985). The work reported in this paper is part of a series of experiments investigating the amount of fat mobilized by' dairy goats during early lactation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A two-pool model of tritiated water kinetics to predict body composition in unfasted lactating goats

et al. 1988

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1988). A two-pool model of tritiated water kinetics to predict body composition in unfasted lactating goats. ABSTRACTA two-pool model of tritiated water kinetics was investigated as a means of partitioning total body water into empty body water and gut water in 17 lactating goats. Empty body water, gut water and total body water were of a similar magnitude to, and highly correlated with, a rapidly equilibrating tritiated water pool, a more slowly equilibrating pool and the sum of these two pools, respectively.Empty body fat was poorly correlated with both live weight and empty body weight (R 2 = 0-42 and 0-51, respectively). However, there was a strong inverse relationship between the water and fat contents of the empty body. Consequently, empty body fat was accurately predicted by a multiple regression equation which included both empty body weight and empty body water as independent variables (R 2 = 0-97). Substitution of these variables with estimates derived from tritiated water kinetics still resulted in a high correlation (R 2 = 0-88). Tritiated water kinetics offered little improvement over live weight alone in the prediction of empty body protein, empty body ash or fat-free empty body.

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“…Lactating cows can also use protein reserve for milk production during early lactation, to meet increased energy demand and/or to supply specific amino acids for milk protein synthesis and hepatic gluconeogenesis (Odwongo, 1984, Chibisa et al, 2008. Associated with protein mobilization are such factors as nutrition, hormonal balance, sex and genetic constitution, which influence the protein components of animal tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heritabilities and Genetic Correlations of Body Condition Score and Muscularity with Productive Traits and their Trend Functions in Italian Simmental Cattle

Frigo

Samoré

Vicario

et al. 2013

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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With the aim to study the genetics of energy and muscle balance in the Italian Simmental breed, the objectives of this study were: i) the estimation of the genetic parameters for body condition score (BCS) and muscularity (MU) score; ii) the estimation of genetic correlations of BCS and MU with productive traits; iii) the estimation of the expected patterns of BCS and MU over lactation. A total of 47,839 records of first-parity lactating cows, collected from 1999 to 2007 in 2794 herds, were used. Twotrait animal models were analyzed using restricted maximum likelihood (REML) procedures to estimate (co)variance components. The expected patterns of BCS and MU along the lactation of first parity cows were estimated from the solutions of DIM fixed effect obtained from an univariate mixed model for both the traits. The heritability estimated was 0.18 for BCS, 0.38 for MU, and ranged from 0.13 to 0.18 for yield traits. The genetic correlations between BCS, MU and yield traits were negative (-0.17 to -0.63). The genetic correlation between BCS and MU was strongly positive (0.88), indicating that cows that genetically tend to have high BCS are more likely to have high values of MU. The genetic parameters estimated suggested that selection for BCS and MU in dual purpose breeds may be possible, and BCS may indirectly improve MU. The expected patterns for BCS and MU showed the trend of these two traits along the lactation and can help farmers in planning the best management of the lactating cows.

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The Use of Deuterium Oxide for the Prediction of Body Composition in Live Dairy Cattle

Cited by 27 publications

References 37 publications

Estimating total body water content in suckling and lactating llamas (Lama glama) by isotope dilution

Estimating total body water content in suckling and lactating llamas (Lama glama) by isotope dilution

A two-pool model of tritiated water kinetics to predict body composition in unfasted lactating goats

Heritabilities and Genetic Correlations of Body Condition Score and Muscularity with Productive Traits and their Trend Functions in Italian Simmental Cattle

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