The use of crocetin in experimental atherosclerosis

Gainer, John L.; Jones, J.R.

doi:10.1007/bf01932451

Cited by 51 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Saffron's potential anti arrhythmias role has been reported in curing supraventricular tachycardia arrhythmias. Saffron's extract's anti diabetic effects and its efficiency in reduction of blood's sugar and fat amount is also proven (Bisset and Wichtl, 2001;El Daly, 1998;Gainer and Jones, 1975;Mohajeri et al, 2008). The studies have displayed that saffron's extract has anti tumorous (Abdullaev and Espinosa-Aguirre, 2004) and anti mutation (Fernandez, 2004) properties and prevents the nucleic acid synthesis in malignant cells on humans (Abdullaev and Ferenkel, 1992;Mohajeri et al, 2008;Nair et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Saffron has a sweet smell and a biting taste which has been in use from long times before as a seasoning and food color (Fatehi et al, 2003). Regarding therapeutic characteristics, saffron is beneficial for curing nervous pains, insomnia, paroxysm, asthma, rheumatism, gingivitis, cough, gastric disorders, sleeplessness, uterus chronic hemorrhage, femininity disorders, scarlet fever, influenza and cardiovascular disorders and brain damages (Bisset and Wichtl, 2001;Fatehi et al, 2003;Gainer and Jones, 1975;Mohajeri et al, 2008;Wuthrich et al, 1997). In traditional medicine, saffron has been utilized with various applications such as sexual potential stimulant (Abe and Saito, 2000), anti spasm (Bisset and Wichtl, 2001;Hosseinzadeh and Talebzadeh, 2005) anti depression (Moshiri et al, 2006), sedative and anti inflammation, anti flatulence, regulating menstruation, increasing factor of body transpiration (Abe and Saito, 2000;Abdullaev and Espinosa-Aguirre, 2004;Abdullaev and Ferenkel, 1992;Akhondzadeh et al, 2004;Fatehi et al, 2003;Meistrich et al, 2003;Hosseinzadeh and Talebzadeh, 2005;Mohajeri et al, 2007;2008;Moshiri et al, 2006;Ochiai et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Saffron on Histomorphometric Changes of Testicular Tissue in Rat

2011

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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Problem statement: Saffron is widely used as a food flavor and has well known medicinal effects. This drug has an effect on steroid and sexual hormones. The aim of this study was investigation of Saffron orally administration on histomorphometric change of testicular tissue in rat. In this experimental study, 40 male rats are used (4 groups and 10 rats in each group). Approach: Animals were received Saffron (50, 100 and 200 mg kg −1 ) daily orally administration, during 28 days. As one group was control (normal saline) and three groups was drug consumer. The testis tissue was sampled after passing of above time and section providing, was stained by H and E. Results: The histomorphometric changes of testicular tissue which include, seminiferous tubules diameter, seminiferous epithelial thickness, interstitial tissue and testicular capsule thickness were studied. Results showed that seminiferous tubules diameter, seminiferous epithelial thickness had significantly decreased (p<0.05) but interstitial tissue thickness had significantly increased (p<0.05) compared with control group. Testicular capsule thickness had not significantly changed. Conclusion: Our results showed that seminiferous tubules diameter, seminiferous epithelial thickness and interstitial tissue thickness in rat testis were significantly changed after Saffron orally administration. This results probably via the reducing of serum testosterone concentration. Effect of Saffron on spermatogenesis index and unfertilization in human needed to be more investigation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Saffron on Histomorphometric Changes of Testicular Tissue in Rat

2011

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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“…The pistils of Crocus sativus L. are generally used in Chinese traditional medicine for anodyne, tranquid and emmenagogue, and its crude extract and purified chemicals have been demonstrated to prevent tumor formation, atherosclerosis or hepatic damages (1)(2)(3)(4). Furthermore, it has been reported that oral administration of the ethanol extract of Crocus sativus L. (CSE) improves the ethanol-induced impairment of memory acquisition of mice in passive avoidance tasks (5), suggesting that CSE has an ameliorating effect on ethanol-induced impairment of learning and memory.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Effects of Ethanol and Crocin on the Induction of Long-Term Potentiation in the CA1 Region of Rat Hippocampal Slices

Sugiura

Shoyama

Saito

et al. 1995

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

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ABSTRACT-The effects of ethanol and crocin on the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) were investigated in the CAI region of rat hippocampal slices in vitro. Ethanol (50-75 mM) suppressed the LTP induced by strong tetanic stimulation (51 pulses at 100 Hz). Crocin (20 rM) did not affect the baseline synaptic responses, but significantly prevented the LTP-suppressing action of ethanol. This effect of crocin was concentration dependent (10 -30 pM). Crocin (20 pM) alone did not affect the potentiation induced by weak tetanic stimulation (11 pulses at 100 Hz). These in vitro observations suggest that crocin directly prevents the LTP-suppressing action of ethanol within the hippocampus.Keywords: Crocin, Ethanol, Long-term potentiation *To whom correspondence should be addressed .The pistils of Crocus sativus L. are generally used in Chinese traditional medicine for anodyne, tranquid and emmenagogue, and its crude extract and purified chemicals have been demonstrated to prevent tumor formation, atherosclerosis or hepatic damages (1-4). Furthermore, it has been reported that oral administration of the ethanol extract of Crocus sativus L. (CSE) improves the ethanol-induced impairment of memory acquisition of mice in passive avoidance tasks (5), suggesting that CSE has an ameliorating effect on ethanol-induced impairment of learning and memory.The synapses of the hippocampus display a long-lasting increase in strength of synaptic communication following high-frequency stimulation of afferents. This phenomenon is termed long-term potentiation (LTP), and it is believed to be the cellular basis of learning and memory (6). To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the memory-improving action of CSE, we have previously investigated the in vivo effects of CSE and crocin, a major constituent of CSE (7), on hippocampal LTP by using anesthetized rats. Ethanol suppressed the induction of LTP, but when CSE was administered prior to ethanol, hippocampal LTP was normally induced (8). Similarly, intracerebroventricular injection of crocin prevented the LTP-suppressing effect of ethanol (9). These observations suggest that CSE improves the memory function by preventing the LTP-suppressing action of ethanol and that crocin is responsible for this biological activity.Since our previous studies were conducted in vivo with anesthetized rats, it remained unclear whether or not crocin interacts with ethanol within the hippocampus. To resolve this issue, in the present study, we investigated the effects of ethanol and crocin on the induction of LTP in the CAI region of rat hippocampal slices in vitro.Crocin was purified from CSE as described in our previous paper (9). The chemical structure of crocin is shown in Fig. 1. The hippocampal slice preparation and recording of evoked potentials were made as described in our previous paper (10). Briefly, hippocampal slices (400-500 tam) were quickly prepared from male Wistar rats (8-to 9-weeks-old) and maintained in a chamber at 35°C, where they were continuously perfused with artificial cerebrospi...

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“…Competitive binding between fatty acids and other organic compounds is examined in a recent review article on fatty acid binding to plasma albumin (6). A recent study demonstrated that the intramuscular injection of crocetin in rabbits fed an atherosclerosis-producing diet resulted in greatly reduced severity of the atherosclerosis (7,8). The physiological mechanism of crocetin activity is not understood, but there is evidence that it might involve the prevention of hypoxia (8)(9)(10).…”

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confidence: 99%