Electronic Electronic Smoking Devices (EDFs), such as electronic cigarettes or vaping, have gained significant popularity in recent years as a potentially less harmful alternative to conventional tobacco use. Given this scenario, this integrative review aimed to analyze scientific production, in order to evaluate its effects on the human body, health implications and its potential as a therapy against smoking. An integrative literature review was used as a method, based on a search for articles in the PubMed, SciELO, VHL/LILACS, CAFe CAPES, UMANE and Health System Evidence databases. An analysis of 49 studies was carried out that address the use of DEFs, addressing their effects on human health. It was found that there is evidence that electronic cigarettes with higher nicotine concentrations can increase the frequency and intensity of smoking, especially among young people, contradicting the notion that they reduce dependence. Additionally, concerns are emerging about the damage vaporized liquids can cause to the lungs, with studies indicating that components such as solvents and flavorings can be harmful to lung health.