The Use of Chrom Agar for Detection of Candida Albicans and Non Albicans Nosocomial Infections of Immunocompromised Patients in Shebin El-Kom Teaching Hospital : Risk Factors and an Analysis of Microbiological Data

Awad, Elham T.; Mohamad, Eman A.

doi:10.12816/0024350

Cited by 2 publications

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“…31 Although NAC are emerging as potential pathogens responsible for candiduria, 32 C. albicans is still being reported as the dominant species infecting the urinary tract of not only Egyptian patients but also patients in several Arab countries. 33,34,35,36,37,38 E-test on Sabouraud dextrose agar was reported as a simple method for MICs determination and could detect S-DD strains in case of azoles. 28 In the present study fluconazole susceptibly was screened by disk diffusion technique whereas fluconazole and voriconazole E-test was used for determination of MICs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of ERG11 gene in fluconazole resistant urinary candida isolates

Said

Badawi

Gamal

2022

EJI

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Candida species resistant to fluconazole and voriconazole were screened for the presence of ERG11gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Also, the association of this gene with the demonstration of Candida virulence factors; biofilm formation, phospholipase and proteinases activities were studied. A total of 61 Candida isolates were collected from urine specimens. Candida species were identified by API 20 C Aux test. Extracellular phospholipase, secretory aspartyl proteinase and biofilm formation were determined. ERG11 gene was detected by PCR. C. albicans was identified in 34.5%, C. glabrata in 29.5% and C. tropicalis and C. krusei in 18% each. Candida species was resistant to fluconazole and voriconazole in 55.7% and 27.9%, respectively. Seventeen (50%) of fluconazole resistant Candida isolates were sensitive to voriconazole. The most frequently Candida species revealed fluconazole resistance were C. glabrata (47.1%), C. krusei (29.4%), and C. tropicalis and C. albicans (11.8% each). Biofilm formation, phospholipase and proteinase activity were determined in 41.2%, 67.6% and 35.3% of fluconazole resistant Candida isolates, respectively. Erg 11 gene was determined in 82.4% of fluconazole resistant Candida isolates and prominent in C. glabrata (93.75%), followed by C. krusei (90%), C. tropicalis (75%) and C. albicans (25%). Erg 11 gene was detected in 64.7% (11/17) of fluconazole resistant-voriconazole sensitive Candida isolates. Regarding, correlation of Erg11 gene positivity and virulence factors among fluconazole resistant Candida isolates, 34.5% exhibited biofilm formation and 62.1% and 31% showed phospholipase and proteinase activities, respectively. There were statistically significant difference concerning the association of proteinase activities and Erg 11 gene expression among fluconazole resistance Candida isolates (P=0.04). The study emphasizes the high prevalence of Erg11 gene among fluconazole resistant Candida species. There was association between the proteinase activity, fluconazole resistance and the presence of Erg11 among Candida species. Voriconazole maintains better activity towards Candida species and represent an alternative therapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of ERG11 gene in fluconazole resistant urinary candida isolates

Said

Badawi

Gamal

2022

EJI

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“…Although non-albicans Candida spp. are emerging nowadays as potential pathogens responsible for candiduria (Kauffman 2005), C. albicans is still being reported as the dominant species infecting the urinary tract of not only Egyptian patients but also patients in several Arabic countries (Sallam et al 2005;Bukhary 2008;Omar et al 2008;Alhussaini et al 2013;Awad and Mohamad 2014;Alkilani et al 2017). Demographically, in this study, a higher prevalence of candiduria was recorded in males (57.1%) as compared to females (42.9%) (Table II).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resensitization of Fluconazole-Resistant Urinary Candida spp. Isolates by Amikacin through Downregulation of Efflux Pump Genes

Edward

Mohamed

Zakaria

2020

Polish Journal of Microbiology

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A b s t r a c tThe contribution of fluconazole-resistant Candida spp. isolates to urinary tract infections in Egypt has become a nationwide problem. A recent approach to overcome such disaster is combining conventional antifungals with non-antifungals. This study investigated the interaction of amikacin with fluconazole against resistant Candida strains isolated from the urine culture of patients admitted to Alexandria Main University Hospital. Among the collected Candida spp. isolates, 42.9% were resistant to fluconazole with MICs ranging between 128 and 1,024 µg/ml. The resistance-modifying activity of amikacin (4,000 µg/ml) was studied against fluconazole-resistant isolates where amikacin sensitized 91.7 % of resistant Candida spp. isolates to fluconazole with a modulation factor ranging between 32 and 256. The rhodamine efflux assay was performed to examine the impact of amikacin on efflux pump activity. After 120 minutes of treatment, amikacin affected the efflux pump activity of the isolates tested with a percentage of reduction in the fluorescence intensity of 8.9%. Quantitative real-time PCR was applied to assess the amikacin effect on the expression of the efflux pump genes MDR1, CDR1, and CDR2. The downregulatory effect of amikacin on the expression of the studied genes caused a percentage of reduction in the expression level ranging between 42.1 and 94%. In conclusion, amikacin resensitized resistant Candida spp. isolates to fluconazole and could be used in combination in the management of candiduria with a higher efficiency or at lower administration doses. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study evaluating the enhancement of fluconazole activity in combination with amikacin against Candida spp. K e y w o r d s: Candida spp., amikacin, fluconazole, rhodamine efflux assay, quantitative real-time PCR Edward E.A. et al.

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The Use of Chrom Agar for Detection of Candida Albicans and Non Albicans Nosocomial Infections of Immunocompromised Patients in Shebin El-Kom Teaching Hospital : Risk Factors and an Analysis of Microbiological Data

Cited by 2 publications

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Detection of ERG11 gene in fluconazole resistant urinary candida isolates

Detection of ERG11 gene in fluconazole resistant urinary candida isolates

Resensitization of Fluconazole-Resistant Urinary Candida spp. Isolates by Amikacin through Downregulation of Efflux Pump Genes

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