No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Introduction: Metallo-β-lactamase production among Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major health problem worldwide. Pseudomonas aeruginosa acquire several mechanisms of resistance towards carbapenems through the production of metallo-β-lactamases, especially VIM and IMP. The problem of multi-drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa is increasing all over the world, reaching dangerous levels. The aim of this study was to detect the metallo-β-lactamases bla VIM and bla IMP genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains in Suez Canal University Hospital in Ismailia, Egypt. Material and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 65 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Genotypic detection of bla VIM and bla IMP was reached by using polymerase chain reaction. Results: Out of 65 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains , bla VIM gene was present in four females and one male, with an age of 42.9 ±18.1; two cases were isolated from the Oncology Department, and one case each was present in the Burn Unit, Surgery Ward, and Intensive Care Unit. The bla VIM gene was expressed in four stains, while the bla IMP gene was not expressed in any strain. Conclusions: The carbapenem resistance in our patients can be referred to as metallo-β-lactamases bla VIM type. The problem of metallo-β-lactamases and carbapenem resistance requires ongoing surveillance, strong preventive measures, and implementation of infection control policies and procedures. Also, routine diagnostic laboratory methods should be performed, and synthesis of antimicrobial products with new effecting mechanism should be implemented in hospitals.

The infection control unit at the Theodor Bilharz Research Institute in Egypt describes how it responded to the challenge of changing a culture of infection control practice in the workplace. Improved disposal of healthcare waste, the introduction of hand hygiene facilities and the design of a central sterilisation unit are some of the measures being introduced to raise awareness of infection control in the institute. The team also found that mupirocin nasal applications on healthcare workers with Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonisation resulted in nasal carriage clearance.

No abstract

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has expanded the use of chlorhexidine digluconate, a biocide frequently used in hospitals, to inhibit the spread of infection. Genes responsible for resistance against the quaternary ammonium compound qac in Staphylococcus aureus isolates have been shown to confer tolerance to a number of biocidal chemicals, including chlorhexidine. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of antiseptic resistance genes (qacA/B and qacC) in clinical isolates of methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The study also aimed to investigate the association between the presence of the mecA, qacA/B, and qacC genes in MRSA isolates and the susceptibility of the isolates to chlorhexidine to evaluate its future use in the Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI) hospital, following the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations for patients with MRSA. S. aureus isolates (n = 100) were collected from inpatients and outpatients at TBRI. A minimal inhibitory concentration of chlorhexidine was also detected. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the mecA, qacA/B, and qacC genes. The results revealed that 84% of S. aureus isolates were MRSA. MRSA (61.9%) and MSSA (68.8%) isolates were susceptible to chlorhexidine. The qacA/B gene was more dominant, being detected in 34%, while qacC was detected in only 5% of S. aureus isolates. All S. aureus isolates with reduced susceptibility to chlorhexidine harbored either the qacA/B or qacC genes. The clinical use of chlorhexidine may continue to increase, emphasizing the significance of continuous caution underlining the emergence of new clones with reduced susceptibility and avoiding antiseptic misuse.

No abstract