The Use of Carbon-Containing Compounds to Prepare Functional and Structural Composite Materials: A Review

Abstract

The review presents data on the synthesis, properties of carbon-containing compounds, and their application in the technology of obtaining functional and structural composites. Such materials are widely used in recent years due to their good physical and mechanical properties. The review discusses in detail the influence of the chemical composition of various carbon-containing substances and the size of the dispersed phase on the mechanical and physical properties of produced metal matrix composite. The review also concerns methods for the modern synthesis of graphene, carbon nanotubes, and metallic functional and structural composites with reinforcing carbon-containing compounds. Additionally, the results of metal matrix composite modeling are presented. They show that the improved mechanical properties of CNT–Al composites can be attributed to three factors: CNT hardening, matrix grain refinement, and layered architecture.

Mechanical Property and Corrosion Behavior of Powder-Metallurgy-Processed 3D Graphene-Networks-Reinforced Al Matrix Composites

“…This unique mechanical property of 3DGN/Al composites can be explained for several reasons. Initially, 3DGN has a larger specific surface area than carbon nanotubes, carbon nanosheets, and other carbon materials [8], making it more possible to form Al-C bonds, which is beneficial for the transfer of external forces from aluminum to 3DGN. Additionally, in the process of stressing the composites material, 3DGN has a fold flattening and then fracture process due to its wrinkled structure, which gives the 3DGN/Al composites material excellent toughness [25].…”

“…At present, there have been numerous reports published on graphene-reinforced MMCs [7]. It is believed that graphene materials primarily impact the physicochemical properties of MMCs through interfacial behavior, the types and fraction of reinforcements, and layered structure [8]. This is why graphene is superior to other reinforcements, such as TiC [9], TiB 2 [10], Al 2 O 3 [11], etc.…”

Surface Engineering of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes via Ion-Beam Doping: Pyridinic and Pyrrolic Nitrogen Defect Formation

“…The extraordinary combination of distinctive physical and chemical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-including high thermal and electrical conductivity, large surface area per unit mass, robust mechanical properties, a wide range of electronic properties, and promising potential for practical applications-has clearly captured the imagination of the research community [1][2][3][4]. Specifically, CNTs promise to emerge as fundamental components for advanced high-strength composites [5,6], sensitive components in gas sensors [7], and key elements in lithium-ion batteries [8]. At the same time, the need for effective materials to facilitate the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), cold electron emitters, and chemical capacitor electrodes has increased the demand for nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNTs) [9][10][11][12][13].…”

Study of Adaptation Processes in Tribofilms during Friction of Antifriction Aluminum Alloys for Journal Bearings

“…Significant costs for overcoming friction forces make the problem of finding more perfect friction pairs constantly relevant [1]. For plain and journal bearings, this task involves the improvement of lubricants [2], bearing design enhancement [3], and the development of new antifriction materials [4]. Along with antifriction behavior, such materials must have sufficient bearing capacity to withstand the load of the counterbody.…”