Abstract:Three-dimensional graphene networks (3DGN) have the potential to be used as a reinforcement for aluminum matrix composites due to their unique wrinkled structure and cost-effectiveness. In this work, the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of 3DGN in Al matrix were systematically investigated. 3DGN/Al composites with weight ratios of 0, 0.075, 0.150, 0.225, and 0.300 3DGN were prepared by powder metallurgy following by ball mill and spark plasma sintering. Results revealed that the densification of … Show more
“…where ρ t and ρ e are the theoretical and experimental densities, respectively. All the compositions presented high relative densities (%), with a maximum of 98% for the sample with the higher volume fraction of activated nanocarbon due to better packaging and mechanical bonding compared to the other compositions, as also shown previously for aluminum matrix composites sintered with similar experimental methodology [62]. Figure 6d shows how the change in porosity is related to the hardness of the materials, showing that the materials with the highest levels of porosity present the lowest hardness, which is associated with gas entrapment during the manufacturing process [63], and the increasing agglomeration of the reinforcement [64].…”
6061 aluminum composites with 0.5 and 1 vol. % graphene nanoplatelets as well as 1 and 2 vol. % activated nanocarbon were manufactured by a powder metallurgy method. Scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy were used to study the morphology, structure, and distribution of nanocarbon reinforcements in the composite samples. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were performed to understand the aluminum-carbon bonding and the effects of hybridized networks of carbon atoms on nanocarbon aluminum matrix composites. Scanning electron microscopy showed the good distribution and low agglomeration tendencies of nanoparticles in the composites. The formation of secondary phases at the materials interface was not detected in the hot-pressed composites. Raman spectroscopy showed structural changes in the reinforced composites after the manufacturing process. The results from Density Functional Theory calculations suggest that it is thermodynamically possible to form carbon rings in the aluminum matrix, which may be responsible for the improved mechanical strength. Our results also suggest that these carbon networks are graphene-like, which also agrees with the Raman spectroscopy data. Micro-Vickers hardness and compressive tests were used to determine the mechanical properties of the samples. Composites presented enhanced hardness, yield and ultimate strength compared to the 6061 aluminum alloy with no nanocarbon reinforcement. Ductility was also affected, as shown by the reduction in elongation and by the number of dimples in the fractured surfaces of the materials.
“…where ρ t and ρ e are the theoretical and experimental densities, respectively. All the compositions presented high relative densities (%), with a maximum of 98% for the sample with the higher volume fraction of activated nanocarbon due to better packaging and mechanical bonding compared to the other compositions, as also shown previously for aluminum matrix composites sintered with similar experimental methodology [62]. Figure 6d shows how the change in porosity is related to the hardness of the materials, showing that the materials with the highest levels of porosity present the lowest hardness, which is associated with gas entrapment during the manufacturing process [63], and the increasing agglomeration of the reinforcement [64].…”
6061 aluminum composites with 0.5 and 1 vol. % graphene nanoplatelets as well as 1 and 2 vol. % activated nanocarbon were manufactured by a powder metallurgy method. Scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy were used to study the morphology, structure, and distribution of nanocarbon reinforcements in the composite samples. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were performed to understand the aluminum-carbon bonding and the effects of hybridized networks of carbon atoms on nanocarbon aluminum matrix composites. Scanning electron microscopy showed the good distribution and low agglomeration tendencies of nanoparticles in the composites. The formation of secondary phases at the materials interface was not detected in the hot-pressed composites. Raman spectroscopy showed structural changes in the reinforced composites after the manufacturing process. The results from Density Functional Theory calculations suggest that it is thermodynamically possible to form carbon rings in the aluminum matrix, which may be responsible for the improved mechanical strength. Our results also suggest that these carbon networks are graphene-like, which also agrees with the Raman spectroscopy data. Micro-Vickers hardness and compressive tests were used to determine the mechanical properties of the samples. Composites presented enhanced hardness, yield and ultimate strength compared to the 6061 aluminum alloy with no nanocarbon reinforcement. Ductility was also affected, as shown by the reduction in elongation and by the number of dimples in the fractured surfaces of the materials.
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