The use of botanicals by resource poor farmers in Africa and Asia for the protection of stored agricultural products

Saili, Abdul Rahman; Rola‐Rubzen, Maria Fay; Batt, Peter

doi:10.2212/spr.2007.6:10

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Gaseous fumigants and residual contact insecticides are mostly used to control insects in stored grains (White, 1995;Obeng-Ofori, 2007 and. The dried grains are fumigated, and then packed into bags for storage.…”

Section: A the Use Of Fumigants And Contact Insecticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maize in Ghana: An Overview of Cultivation to Processing

Darfour¹,

Rosentrater²

2016

2016 ASABE International Meeting

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Maize (Zea mays L.) cultivation in Ghana has been ongoing for centuries. Maize production in Ghana, is predominantly done under rain-fed conditions by poorly resourced smallholder farmers. The agro-ecological zones for maize cultivation in Ghana can be mainly grouped into four; Coastal savannah zone, forest zone, transition zone and Guinea savannah zone. Maize accounts for 50% of the total cereal production in Ghana, with reported postharvest losses between 5% and 70%. Improving food security through a reduction of postharvest losses is imperative for meeting current development objectives. Stored maize is attacked by 20 different species of insect pests including the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Mots.). There are traditional techniques still in use for maize storage (drying in field, on platform, on ground, and use of mud silos) and modern techniques (using metal silos, solar dryers, chemical, hermetic technique and Purdue Improved Drying Stove). There are various methods used in the maize shelling and storage. Purchasing of modern equipment for shelling and conditioning is highly unaffordable by these subsistence farmers. The lack of commercial or industrial processing of maize, and improper storage facilities is causing immense food losses and insecurity in Ghana. Due to this farmers are compelled to sell their bumper harvest at low prices, and those in barns and warehouses get rotten. The purpose of this paper was to review literature on the cultivation, post-harvest handling, and processing of maize grains in Ghana. Abstract. Maize (Zea mays L.) cultivation in Ghana has been ongoing for centuries. Maize production in Ghana

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Section: A the Use Of Fumigants And Contact Insecticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maize in Ghana: An Overview of Cultivation to Processing

Darfour¹,

Rosentrater²

2016

2016 ASABE International Meeting

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“…Insects are the major pests of cereal grains and grain products during storage (Bekele et al 1995;Obeng-Ofori 2007). Damage caused by insects affects the quality, the quantity and the commercial value of the products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development of pesticide resistance by the pests, toxic residues in food and consequent health hazards, destruction of beneficial organisms, rapid resurgence of target pest populations and undesirable environmental pollution are critical problems that have arisen (Park et al 2003). Further, the advent of maximum pesticides residue limits for food and horticultural products for export have stimulated an intensive search for alternative measures such as the use of natural pesticides that are safer and environmentally acceptable (Schmutterer 1990;Isman 2006;Obeng-Ofori 2007). In addition, the synthetic pesticides are expensive to the users and may cause potential risk due to the lack of technical knowledge related to their safe use by resource-poor farmers in developing countries (Hodges and Carr 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The body of scientific literature documenting bioactivity of plant derivatives to arthropod pests continues to expand, yet only a handful of botanicals are currently used in agriculture in the industrialized world, and there are few prospects for commercial development of new botanical products due to registration requirements. However, many small-scale farmers in Africa mix stored foodstuffs with different kinds of plant materials for protection against pest damage (Hassanali et al 1990;Poswal and Akpa 1991;Talukder and Howse 1995;Obeng-Ofori 2007). The use of these traditional materials has recently stimulated research to establish the scientific basis for their continued use regarding their efficacy, active constituents and effective application technology (Weaver et al 1991;RegnaultRoger et al 1993;Schmidt and Streloke 1994;Bekele et al 1995Bekele et al , 1996Obeng-Ofori et al 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was introduced to Africa in the previous century and is now well established in at least 78 tropical and subtropical countries, including Ghana where it has become an important source of fuel, lumber and bioinsecticides. Calneem Ò oil is a new commercial product that was extracted from the seeds of the neem tree and is registered in Ghana for the control of field and storage pests (Obeng-Ofori 2007). It is an oil extract from pure neem seed kernels collected and crushed in Ghana.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bio-rational control of red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in stored wheat with Calneem® oil derived from neem seeds

et al. 2010

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The red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), is one of the most serious secondary pests that feeds on a wide range of durable stored products including cereals, cereal products and other high value produce such as cocoa beans and dried fruits. Toxicity and protectant potential of Calneem Ò oil derived from the seeds of the neem tree Azadirachta indica A. Juss. towards T. castaneum were evaluated in stored wheat in the laboratory using contact toxicity, grain treatment, persistency, progeny emergence and repellency assays. Calneem Ò contains about 0.3% azadirachtin as its major active ingredient. The Calneem Ò was applied at six dosages (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0% v/v). The oil was emulsified with water using 0.07% soap. All dosages of Calneem Ò oil were toxic and highly repellent to T. castaneum with an overall repellency in the range of 52-88%. The highest dosage of 3.0% of Calneem Ò oil tested killed at least 90% of the beetles within 72 h on grain, and 88% mortality was obtained on filter paper. T. castaneum mortality was dose dependent.The development of eggs to adults on cracked wheat was significantly (P \ 0.05) inhibited by Calneem Ò oil treatments. The effectiveness of Calneem Ò oil was significantly reduced by the length of storage after application. The results obtained suggest good potential for the practical use of Calneem Ò oil as grain protectant for stored product pest control. The use of plant materials such as neem oil may be a safe, cost-effective method of grain preservation against pest infestation amongst low-resource poor farmers who store small amounts of grains.

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The role of public administrations in promoting open municipal markets

Fava

Bonet

Puig

2022

Urban Agric & Regnl Food Sys

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Agroecological transitions require steps to be taken to shorten food circuits that prioritize local food markets and their social dimension. Such a measure would include open municipal markets (OMMs) because of their role in promoting the social nature of the agroecological transitions. In rural areas, OMMs managed by public administrations are facing a major crisis. This paper aims to decipher the claims of the actors involved in the OMM crisis and to focus on strategies that could be taken by municipalities. Semistructured questionnaires, direct observations, and participative workshops with stallholders, consumers, local producers, and the researchers of the university were used to analyze social relationships within the framework of OMMs in the Province of Girona, Catalonia. The actors revealed a lack of connection between collectives and within the same group of stallholders. The absence of shared aspirations, along with the scant interest of public bodies in investing in the markets or recognizing their economic and social role, have all contributed to the current decline in OMMs. Open municipal markets are an active asset that are at risk of being abandoned in remote rural areas. If the actors in the market could collaborate, this would help to encourage the local economy and community cohesion and to actively promote the social dimension of the agroecological transitions.

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The use of botanicals by resource poor farmers in Africa and Asia for the protection of stored agricultural products

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Maize in Ghana: An Overview of Cultivation to Processing

Maize in Ghana: An Overview of Cultivation to Processing

Bio-rational control of red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in stored wheat with Calneem® oil derived from neem seeds

The role of public administrations in promoting open municipal markets

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