The use of a highly sulfated cyclodextrin for the simultaneous chiral separation of amphetamine-type stimulants by capillary electrophoresis

Abstract

We investigated the simultaneous chiral separation of nine amphetamine type stimulants (dl-norephedrine, dl-norpseudoephedrine, dl-ephedrine, dl-pseudoephedrine, dl-amphetamine, dl-methamphetamine, dl-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), dl-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), and dl-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA)) by capillary electrophoresis using highly sulfated gamma-cyclodextrin (SU(XIII)-gamma-CD) as a chiral selector. Three different approaches using SU(XIII)-gamma-CD with 50 mM phosphate background electrolyte were designed; (I) high CD concentration (10 mM SU(XIII)-gamma-CD) at neutral pH (pH 7.0) in the normal polarity mode, (II) low CD concentration (1.0 mM) at low pH (pH 2.6) in the normal polarity mode and (III) high CD concentration at low pH (pH 2.6) in the reversed-polarity mode. In mode (II), the effects of adding three neutral CDs (beta-CD, dimethyl-beta-CD and hydroxypropyl-beta-CD) were also investigated. The best separation was obtained after optimizing mode (III) as follows: run buffer of 10 mM SU(XIII)-gamma-CD with 50 mM phosphate background electrolyte at pH 2.6, applied voltage of -12 kV and capillary temperature of 15 degrees C.

Polymeric Sulfated Amino Acid Surfactants: A Class of Versatile Chiral Selectors for Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography (MEKC) and MEKC-MS

“…62 Due to very similar chemical structure of the amphetamines, (±)-pseudoephedrine has also been used as a precursor for the clandistine production of methamphetamine and related illicit drugs. 63 The serum halflife of (±)-pseudoephedrine is 5-8 hrs and about one-half of the dosage taken is excreted in the urine. 64…”

Simultaneous Chiral Analysis of Methamphetamine and Related Compounds by Capillary Electrophoresis/Mass Spectrometry Using Anionic Cyclodextrin

“…In recent years, anionic CDs were used in the chiral analysis of some ATS by CE. [11][12][13][14] Lurie et al 11 reported a method using sulfated(XIII)-γ-CD etc. High chiral separations of ATSs were gained (e.g.…”

Simultaneous Chiral Analysis of Methamphetamine and its Metabolites by Capillary Electrophoresis/Mass Spectrometry with Direct Injection of Urine

“…A number of CE methods have been utilized for the chiral separation of amphetamines in seized drugs etc. [13][14][15][16][17][18] and in urine. [19][20][21][22][23][24] However, these methods for amphetamines in urine require a procedure of extraction from urine and are unsatisfactory with respect to the need for rapid analyses.…”