The Usage of Online Collaboration Platforms by Parties: Strengthening the “Party on the Ground” or the “Party in Central Office”?

Abstract

Facing linkage problems, parties in Germany have started to respond to a changing media environment by reforming their internal structures of opinion forming and decision making, inter alia reacting to the rise of the social web and the successes of the Pirate Party whose party organization is to a large extent "digitalized". Whether and how established parties implement and adapt Internet tools, i.e., whether these could contribute to more participation of the "party on the ground" or whether they strengthen the "party in central office" is the focus of this article. The case study on the employment of an online platform for drafting a motion for the party convention of the German Social Democrats in December 2011 reveals that the "party in central office" controlled the online procedure as well as the processing of the results to a remarkable extentthereby constraining the participatory potential of the tool. At the same time, the case study indicates a quality of online collaboration platforms that might limit the instrumentalization of these tools by the party elites in the long run and possibly re-empower the "party on the ground."

Does the Internet Encourage Political Participation? Use of an Online Platform by Members of a German Political Party

“…The Internet in general and the Web 2.0 in particular—with the latter offering participative and collaborative structures—allow political parties to open up their internal processes of decision making and to reconfigure intra‐party democracy (Gibson, Gillian, Geffret, Lee, & Ward, ; Margetts, ; Scarrow, ). Nonetheless, the actual usage of such opportunities by the “party on the ground,” that is, the members and supporters, often falls short of expectations, with only a few people taking part (Hanel & Marschall, ; Larsson, ; Ward & Gibson, ).…”