The Urban Heat Island Effect in the City of Valencia: A Case Study for Hot Summer Days

Lehoczky, Annamária; Sobrino, José A.; Skokovic, D.; Aguilar, Enric

doi:10.3390/urbansci1010009

Cited by 36 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Some studies report an intensification of the nocturnal UHI during extreme hot days [71][72][73][74]; others report a slight intensification of both daytime and nighttime UHI [75], or even a simple modification of the diurnal spatial pattern of the UHI [39]. Some studies found no intensification of the nocturnal UHI during heat waves [21,76]. Additional discussions have arisen about the physical mechanisms that might enhance the nocturnal UHI during heat waves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Waves and Human Well-Being in Madrid (Spain)

et al. 2019

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Heat waves pose additional risks to urban spaces because of the additional heat provided by urban heat islands (UHIs) as well as poorer air quality. Our study focuses on the analysis of UHIs, human thermal comfort, and air quality for the city of Madrid, Spain during heat waves. Heat wave periods are defined using the long-term records from the urban station Madrid-Retiro. Two types of UHI were studied: the canopy layer UHI (CLUHI) was evaluated using air temperature time-series from five meteorological stations; the surface UHI (SUHI) was derived from land surface temperature (LST) images from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) products. To assess human thermal comfort, the Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) index was applied. Air quality was analyzed from the records of two air quality networks. More frequent and longer heat waves have been observed since 1980; the nocturnal CLUHI and both the diurnal and nocturnal SUHI experience an intensification, which have led to an increasing number of tropical nights. Conversely, thermal stress is extreme by day in the city due to the lack of cooling by winds. Finally, air quality during heat waves deteriorates because of the higher than normal amount of particles arriving from Northern Africa.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Waves and Human Well-Being in Madrid (Spain)

et al. 2019

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“…The concentration of construction and human activities in urban areas are causes to UHI along with global warming. Increase in UHI effect has significant health risk for urban dwellers [13], due to thermal stress an increase in mortality rate has been seen [14]. Therefore, thermal insulating buildings are being focused due to their resistance to heat flow which reduces the energy consumption of the building, ultimately reducing the UHI effect.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Polypropylene Fibres on the Thermal Conductivity of Lightweight Foamed Concrete

Jhatial

Goh

Mohamad

et al. 2018

MATEC Web of Conferences

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With the reduction in the permanent load on the structure and excellent insulation properties, the lightweight foamed concrete is a potential thermal insulating building material to counter the urban heat island effect, which increases the temperature of urban areas due to the concentration of infrastructures constructed using conventional concrete that absorbs the solar radiation. The lightweight foamed concrete whose dry density ranges from 400 kg/m3 to 1600 kg/m3, has lower thermal conductivity compared to conventional concrete. But reduced density attributes to reduced compressive strength. In this study, to enhance the mechanical properties, the foamed concrete of 1600 kg/m3 density is reinforced with polypropylene fibres (PP). Four percentages of PP fibres, 0% (controlled), 0.2%, 0.25% and 0.30% were added into the foamed concrete. The compressive strength as well as the thermal conductivity of foamed concrete reinforced with PP fibres were determined. Based upon the findings, the optimum percentage of PP was determined to be 0.20% which gave higher compressive strength while thermal conductivity of foamed concrete was observed to decrease upon addition of PP fibres. Thus, addition of PP fibres improves the thermal resistance in the foamed concrete along with enhancing the mechanical properties.

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“…Air and surface temperatures are expected to further increase and the urban heat island (UHI) strength to be intensified, negatively influencing the sustainability and liveability of cities [12][13][14][15][16][17]. Cairo 20.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the Trends in Land Surface Temperature and Surface Urban Heat Island Intensity in Mediterranean Cities in View of Smart Urbanization

2018

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Land Surface Temperature (LST) is a key parameter for the estimation of urban fluxes as well as for the assessment of the presence and strength of the surface urban heat island (SUHI). In an urban environment, LST depends on the way the city has been planned and developed over time. To this end, the estimation of LST needs adequate spatial and temporal data at the urban scale, especially with respect to land cover/land use. The present study is divided in two parts: at first, satellite data from MODIS-Terra 8-day product (MOD11A2) were used for the analysis of an eighteen-year time series (2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017) of the LST spatial and temporal distribution in five major cities of the Mediterranean during the summer months. LST trends were retrieved and assessed for their statistical significance. Secondly, LST values and trends for each city were examined in relation to land cover characteristics and patterns in order to define the contribution of urban development and planning on LST; this information is important for the drafting of smart urbanization policies and measures. Results revealed (a) positive LST trends in the urban areas especially during nighttime ranging from +0.412 • K in Marseille to +0.923 • K in Cairo and (b) the SUHI has intensified during the last eighteen years especially during daytime in European Mediterranean cities, such as Rome (+0.332 • K) and Barcelona (+0.307 • K).Surface urban heat island (SUHI), in particular, describes the land surface temperature (LST) differences between urban areas and their surroundings, and it is usually studied with the use of remote sensing data. The formation of SUHI can be mainly attributed to the increased absorption and trapping of solar radiation in urban areas associated with limited release of heat due to the low values of the thermal emission coefficients of manmade materials. Anthropogenic heat release from transport and the heating-cooling systems of the buildings further exacerbate the phenomenon [18][19][20]. Both UHI and SUHI can be detected throughout the year, but they are of particular public policy concern during the summer, because higher surface and air temperatures are associated with increases in electricity demand for air conditioning, air pollution, and heat stress-related mortality and illness [21][22][23][24][25]. Several SUHI studies have been performed in the Mediterranean area, most of them revealing that higher UHI intensities are found in the summer period [13,[26][27][28][29][30].Land surface temperature is a controlling factor for most of the physical, chemical and biological processes on the earth, and can be considered as a measure of climate change [31][32][33][34]. For the urban environment, LST is an important parameter for the monitoring of the energy exchange between the land surface and the atmosphere in terms of the sensible and latent heat fluxes [35][36][37][38] which are important when discussing the thermal effects of the cities on th...

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The Urban Heat Island Effect in the City of Valencia: A Case Study for Hot Summer Days

Cited by 36 publications

References 46 publications

Heat Waves and Human Well-Being in Madrid (Spain)

Heat Waves and Human Well-Being in Madrid (Spain)

Effect of Polypropylene Fibres on the Thermal Conductivity of Lightweight Foamed Concrete

Quantifying the Trends in Land Surface Temperature and Surface Urban Heat Island Intensity in Mediterranean Cities in View of Smart Urbanization

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