The upper body segmental movements during walking by young females

Gait pattern in rheumatoid arthritis

“…Frigo et al [20] described the range of trunk motion in healthy females during walking as relatively small in the sagittal and in the frontal plane. These findings are in agreement with the results of our healthy control group.…”

Accelerometry: A technique for quantifying movement patterns during walking

“…This is due to the fact that this region of the body has low transverse plane rotation relative to axial rotation of the pelvis and thorax. During normal walking in healthy individuals, upper body rotation in the sagittal and frontal planes can be in the magnitude of 1-2 degrees [34,35] and 2-4 degrees [34,36], respectively. To compensate for such body orientations, several accelerometer tilt correction procedures have been proposed that manipulate the acceleration signal post-data collection.…”

The repeatablity of spinal motion of normal and scoliotic adolescents during walking

“…In this study, it was found that shoulder motion relative to the global axes in all three planes were not repeatable. Frigo et al [27] found that the line joining the shoulders was almost constantly horizontal in the frontal and horizontal planes. The small range of motion probably accounted for the poor repeatability.…”