The updated role of exosomal proteins in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancer

Wang, Xinyi; Huang, Jing; Chen, Wenjie; Li, Genpeng; Li, Zhihui; Lei, Jianyong

doi:10.1038/s12276-022-00855-4

Cited by 57 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…In this context, the identification of subclasses of extracellular vesicles derived from cancer cells and microenvironmental components associated with well-defined pathological processes would allow them to serve as complementary biomarkers of circulating cfDNA and circulating tumor cells. In recent years, several studies have demonstrated the value of exosomes as cancer biomarkers, allowing longitudinal monitoring of tumor heterogeneity and early identification of cancer subtypes ( 154 , 155 ), as well as monitoring microenvironmental subversion ( 156 ), tumor progression and prognostic decisions ( 157 ), and response to therapy to tailor therapeutic interventions ( 158 , 159 ). Further developments in this field will bring us closer to the most important goal of providing personalized cancer care.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of exosomes in non-small cell lung cancer and EGFR-mutated lung cancer

Rao

Huang

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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As an important mediator of information transfer between cells, exosomes play a unique role in regulating tumor growth, supporting vascular proliferation, tumor invasion, and metastasis. Exosomes are widely present in various body fluids, and therefore they can be used as a potential tool for non-invasive liquid biopsy. The present study reviews the role of exosomes in liquid biopsy, tumor microenvironment formation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). By targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy as a first-line treatment for patients with NSCLC, this study also briefly describes the occurrence of EGRF+ exosomes and the role of exosomes and their contents in non-invasive detection and potential therapeutic targets in EGFR-mutated lung cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of exosomes in non-small cell lung cancer and EGFR-mutated lung cancer

Rao

Huang

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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“…AMACR (an enzyme a-Methylacyl-CoA racemase) is known to be elevated in PCa tissue, where, in urine, exosomes are validated as a biomarker for clinical use to detect PCa at initial biopsy [ 44 ]. Biting et al and Xinyi et al explained in detail the advantages of exosomes as a liquid biopsy and their application as a potential complement [ 45 , 46 ].…”

Section: Exosomementioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Use of Exosomes in Anti-Cancer Effect Induced by Polarized Macrophages

et al. 2023

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The rapid development of aberrant cells outgrowing their normal bounds, which can subsequently infect other body parts and spread to other organs—a process known as metastasis—is one of the significant characteristics of cancer. The main reason why cancer patients die is because of widespread metastases. This abnormal cell proliferation varies in cancers of over a hundred types, and their response to treatment can vary substantially. Several anti-cancer drugs have been discovered to treat various tumors, yet they still have harmful side-effects. Finding novel, highly efficient targeted therapies based on modifications in the molecular biology of tumor cells is essential to reduce the indiscriminate destruction of healthy cells. Exosomes, an extracellular vesicle, are promising as a drug carrier for cancer therapy due to their good tolerance in the body. In addition, the tumor microenvironment is a potential target to regulate in cancer treatment. Therefore, macrophages are polarized toward M1 and M2 phenotypes, which are involved in cancer proliferation and are malignant. It is evident from recent studies that controlled macrophage polarization might contribute to cancer treatment, by the direct way of using miRNA. This review provides an insight into the potential use of exosomes to develop an ‘indirect’, more natural, and harmless cancer treatment through regulating macrophage polarization.

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“…With the recent development of isolation methods of exosomes and the applications of protein spectrum, the roles of exosome proteins in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of diseases have been demonstrated in many medical fields, especially for cancer [4]. Exosomal proteins include (1) Membrane transport and fusion-related proteins, such as annexin (Anx II), Rab-GTPase, and heat shock proteins (HSPs), including Hsp60, Hsp70, and Hsp90; (2) Four-transmembrane cross-linked proteins, namely CD9, CD63, CD81, CD82, CD106, Tspan8, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1); (3) Multi-vesicular bodies (MVBs)-related proteins, for instance, ALIX and TSG101; (4) Other proteins, like integrins, actin, and myosin [5].…”

Section: Exosome Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspective Chapter: Clinical Application of Exosome Components

Hou¹,

Li²,

Wang³

et al. 2023

Exosomes - Recent Advances From Bench to Bedside

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Exosomes belong to a subpopulation of EVs that carry different functional molecular cargoes, including proteins, nucleic acids, metabolites, and lipids. Notably, evidence has demonstrated that exosomes participate in bidirectional cell–cell communication and act as critical molecular vehicles in regulating numerous physiological and pathological processes. Since the specific contents within exosomes carry the information from their cells of origin, this property permits exosomes to act as valuable biomarkers. This chapter summarizes the potential use of exosome components in diagnosing, prognosis, or monitoring and treating multiple cancers and other non-neoplastic diseases. We also discuss the deficiency of basic applications, including the limitations of research methods and different research institutions and the differences generated by specimen sources. Thus, a better understanding of the problem of exosome detection may pave the way to promising exosome-based clinical applications.

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The updated role of exosomal proteins in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancer

Cited by 57 publications

References 141 publications

Role of exosomes in non-small cell lung cancer and EGFR-mutated lung cancer

Role of exosomes in non-small cell lung cancer and EGFR-mutated lung cancer

The Potential Use of Exosomes in Anti-Cancer Effect Induced by Polarized Macrophages

Perspective Chapter: Clinical Application of Exosome Components

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