The university–industry knowledge relationship: Analyzing patents and the science base of technologies

Abstract

Via the Internet, information scientists can obtain costfree access to large databases in the "hidden" or "deep Web." These databases are often structured far more than the Internet domains themselves. The patent database of the U.S. Patent and Trade Office is used in this study to examine the science base of patents in terms of the literature references in these patents. Universitybased patents at the global level are compared with results when using the national economy of the Netherlands as a system of reference. Methods for accessing the online databases and for the visualization of the results are specified. The conclusion is that "biotechnology" has historically generated a model for theorizing about university-industry relations that cannot easily be generalized to other sectors and disciplines.

International Collaboration and Spatial Dynamics of US Patenting in Central and Eastern Europe 1981–2010

“…Using techniques for USPTO data collection and organization developed recently by [44,45,46], we have downloaded the full set of patents, in which at least one inventor participated from the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary between 1981 and 2010 on August 5, 2013. USPTO data was used instead of European Patent Office (EPO) data because the accession of CEE countries into the common EU market may have affected the number of EPO patent applications for reasons other than inventions [47].…”

Smoothing the lies: The distinctive effects of patent characteristics on examiner and applicant citations

“…However, patent-to-patent citations predominate in high and medium-high technology sectors, such as electrical engineering and instruments, which is why Leydesdorff (2004) suggests that a sector such as biotechnology is not a valid model for how university-industry interactions occur in general. It is then reasonable to test:…”

Tecnologías constituidas, innovaciones en proceso y tecnologías introducidas en el mercado internacional: caso de estudio

“…Esta investigación comparte el criterio que el análisis por clasificación temática permite mapear de forma más evidente el conocimiento científico que subyace en los documentos de patente (Leydesdorff, 1987;Tijssen, 1992;Leydesdorff & Heimeriks, 2001;Jaffe & Trajtenberg, 2002;Leydesdorff, 2004) así como permite conocer y representar la especialización temática por países, regiones, institutos, investigadores, etc. (Fall et al, 2003;Van Zeebroeck et al, 2006;Leydesdorff & Meyer, 2007;Cong & Han-Tong, 2010).…”