The United Nations and Transnational Corporations: A Personal Assessment

Dunning, John H.

doi:10.1007/978-1-349-72971-5_2

Cited by 27 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…), the underlying theoretical rationale Diversification and performance in service firms N Capar and M Kotabe should be the same (Boddewyn et al, 1986;Dunning, 1989;Li and Guisinger, 1992). Dunning (1989) argued that multinational service firms could benefit from global economies of scale in various aspects of the value chain. Similarly, Campbell and Verbeke (1994) suggested that multinational service firms could achieve economies of scale in marketing activities.…”

Section: Theoretical Background and Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 98%

“…As service firms are expanding internationally for the same reasons as manufacturing firms (labor costs, market access, resources, etc. ), the underlying theoretical rationale Diversification and performance in service firms N Capar and M Kotabe should be the same (Boddewyn et al, 1986;Dunning, 1989;Li and Guisinger, 1992). Dunning (1989) argued that multinational service firms could benefit from global economies of scale in various aspects of the value chain.…”

Section: Theoretical Background and Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relationship between international diversification and performance in service firms

2003

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International diversification is a growth strategy that has a major potential impact on firm performance. The relationship between international diversification and firm performance has been extensively studied in the international strategy literature. A major gap in the literature has been the non-existence of studies that have examined the effect of international diversification on performance in service firms. Previous studies that have tested the international diversification–performance relationship were based on samples of manufacturing firms. We argue that the form of the relationship between multinationality and performance is different in service firms. We provide a theoretical argument for this claim and hypothesize that there is a U-shaped curvilinear relationship between multinationality and performance in service firms. Our sample consists of 81 major German service firms, spanning across four industries. Results show that there is support for a U-shaped curvilinear relationship. Based on the findings, implications and directions for future research are provided. Journal of International Business Studies (2003) 34, 345–355. doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400036

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Section: Theoretical Background and Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Theoretical Background and Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between international diversification and performance in service firms

2003

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“…Comment: This is supported by writers such as Dunning (1993), Kusluvan and Karamustafa (2001) and Britton (1996) on the limited benefit of TNCs for host populations. N those big companies owned by those rich people from Jakarta.…”

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confidence: 93%

Destination competitiveness: evidence from Bali

Chin

Haddock‐Fraser

Hampton

2015

Current Issues in Tourism

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Within the dynamic global tourism industry, understanding the reasons for a destination's competitiveness is essential in order to enhance its performance, facilitate more effective destination management, and inform its overall sustainable economic development. This paper applies Kim and Wicks' (2010) tourism cluster development model to Bali -a small, mature destination in the developing economy of Indonesia. It demonstrates that there are complex relationships between: (i) cluster actors; (ii) barriers preventing effective networking; and (iii) the significance of these interactions for the local host community. This paper contributes to the debate by addressing new and different attributes and actors such as transnational corporations (TNCs), universities, and the concept of co-opetition, as being significant attributes in Kim and Wicks' initial model. Through a qualitative approach involving n=23 semi-structured interviews, 2 this paper illustrates intricate issues and relationships that are identified in Bali, a small mature destination. Purposive sampling methods were employed to generate a range of key stakeholders who informed our understanding of 'cluster actors' in Kim and Wicks' terms. The systematic examination of these key tourism elements provides a detailed analysis of the destination's strengths and weaknesses, and a more nuanced understanding of what facilitates a destination's competitive position.Key words: destination competitiveness; cluster theory; impacts; island tourism; Indonesia As part of this, we explore the elements within Porter's Diamond (reformulated by Kim and Wicks); the relationship of cluster actors ( Figure 1); and how such factors affect the competitiveness of a small developing destination. This analysis illustrates complex relationships and linkages between cluster actors; barriers preventing effective networks; and highlights the significance of those interactions, which leads to wider understanding of the socioeconomic implications for the host community. Our analysis enables tourism policymakers to develop a more comprehensive understanding to enable strategic planning; helps identify destination strengths and weaknesses; as well as identification of barriers to progress.The paper is divided into six sections. First, we explore and critique the key literature relating to competitiveness models, rationalising the application of the Kim and Wicks (2010) model for this research. Second, a description of tourism in Bali is presented, followed by the methodology and research approach used. The main findings are analysed, highlighting destination competitiveness issues specifically for Bali, followed by a discussion. The paper concludes noting how this framework provides academics and policymakers with a useable tool to understand certain complexity, destination dynamics, and main actors. Literature Review of Competitiveness modelsMost academic work on destination competitiveness models (Dwyer and

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“…Theories of multinational banks (MNBs) (see, for example, Cho 1985, Dunning 1989 posit that the foreign subsidiaries of MNBs have technological advantages (broadly defined as product, process and distribution technology, management and marketing skills) over domestic banks in developing countries. These advantages allow them to outweigh the costs associated with institutional and cultural differences as well as spatial distance and consumer preferences in foreign markets (Hymer 1976).…”

Section: B 2 Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Spillover and Competition Effects: Evidence from the Sub-Saharan African Banking Sector

Pohl¹

2011

SSRN Journal

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This paper examines the efficiency effects of foreign bank entry on domestic banks in subSaharan Africa during the period 1999-2006. Using a recently compiled dataset on foreign bank presence, the competition and spillover effects of North-South, regional and nonregional South-South banks are distinguished. The results show that the competitive pressure on domestic banksʹ net interest margins emanates only from regional South-South banks. There is evidence of spillover effects from North-South and regional South-South banks on domestic banks. As domestic banks invest in foreign technologies, their overhead costs increase in the short-run. Non-regional South-South banks seem to have little effect on the efficiency of domestic banks.

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The United Nations and Transnational Corporations: A Personal Assessment

Cited by 27 publications

References 6 publications

The relationship between international diversification and performance in service firms

The relationship between international diversification and performance in service firms

Destination competitiveness: evidence from Bali

Spillover and Competition Effects: Evidence from the Sub-Saharan African Banking Sector

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