The underlying reason of DIO additive on the improvement polymer solar cells performance

Integrated Effects of Two Additives on the Enhanced Performance of PTB7:PC71BM Polymer Solar Cells

“…The hole transport through the polymer film is limited due to the accumulation of space charge when a sufficient voltage is applied to this hole-only device. The space charge limited current(SCLC) is described by the equation [29,30]: $J=\frac{9}{8}\epsilon \mu \frac{V^2}{d^3}=\frac{9}{8}{\epsilon }_0{\epsilon }_r\mu \frac{V^2}{d^3}$ where ε 0 is the permittivity of free space, ε r is the dielectric constant of the blend material, μ is the hole mobility, V is the voltage drop across the device and d is the active layer thickness. The parameter ε r is assumed to be 3, which is a typical value for conjugated polymers.…”

Photocurrent enhancement in hybrid cadmium sulfide/conjugated polyaniline nanofiber composites by introducing iodine

“…The advent of methods to well improve the charge transfer rates and reduce the recombination of photogenerated hole-electron pairs can be achieved by designing inorganic semiconductors on the nanometer scale, with control of the morphology of composites and tuning of the interface states between conjugated polymers and inorganic semiconductors [15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. A series of effective methods to control the morphology of active layers were investigated, such as post annealing or solvent treatment, interfacial buffer layer, solvent additives and applied electric field on active layer during forming films [22]. Among them, doping active additives is a simple and convenient method to improve the performance of polymer solar cells (PSCs), which is suitable for large-scale manufacture and compatible with flexible substrates.…”

High efficient ternary polymer solar cells based on absorption complementary materials as electron donor

“…The bulk heterojunction sandwiched by electrodes is commonly considered as an optimized structure due to the large interface area between donor and acceptor materials that ensures efficient photogenerated exciton dissociation into free charge carriers. Some smart strategies were carried out to adjust donor/ acceptor phase separation to form a bicontinuous interpenetrating network, such as annealing treatment, solvent treatment, solvent additive and mixed solvent [10][11][12][13]. To further increase the performance of PSCs, tandem configuration PSCs were designed with different band gap materials as the electron donors for the top and bottom sub-cells [14][15][16][17][18].…”