The ultrastructure of the mastax of Filinia longiseta (Flosculariaceae, Rotifera): Informational value of the trophi structure and mastax musculature

Wulfken, Diana; Ahlrichs, Wilko H.

doi:10.1016/j.jcz.2012.02.001

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It remains to be determined whether the distinct sclerites we found in the manubria of specimens of Rhinoglena , thus far not reported in ploimids, have a tubular structure. This would support the suggestion by Wulfken & Ahlrichs () that the presence of cuticular tubes in the manubrium is ancestral for Rotifera. Rod‐shaped sclerites have also been seen under SEM in the rami chambers of the flosculariaceans Pompholyx sulcata and Testudinella incisa (De Smet ; see figs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…); in Bryceella stylata (Wilts et al. ); in Dicranophorus forcipatus (also in the epipharynx) (Riemann & Ahlrichs ); in the ploimid monogononts, Encentrum mustela , Itura aurita , Lindia tecusa, and Asplanchna (Wulfken & Ahlrichs ); and in the flosculariacean monogonont Filinia longiseta (Wulfken & Ahlrichs ). This suggests that the distinctly rod‐shaped sclerites (without sulcus and carina) composing the fulcrum in Rhinoglena and Proalides , and likewise catenae in the latter, have a tubular structure with electron‐dense core as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ontogeny of the jaws of monogonont rotifers: the malleate trophi of Rhinoglena and Proalides (Ploima, Epiphanidae)

Smet

Segers

2017

Invertebrate Biology

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Information on the embryonic development of the malleate trophi in Epiphanidae (Rotifera, Monogononta, Ploima) is presented, based on scanning electron microscopy observations in Rhinoglena fertoeensis, R. frontalis, R. kutikovae, R. tokioensis, and Proalides tentaculatus, to contribute to the understanding of this structure of high evolutionary and functional relevance in Rotifera. The first observable and distinctly sclerotized structures were a double row of median transversal sclerites along the longitudinal axis, wherein the future unci, rostellar scleropili, cristae rami, and basal apophyses became recognizable. Fulcrum and manubria arose subsequently; the fulcrum sclerites were longitudinally ordered in a double layer. The rami chambers developed last as lamellar structures. Unci appeared as separate thin, elongate elements, the primary uncini, developing to uncus plates by transversal growth and apposition of sclerite material on the shafts of the uncini. The heads of the uncini showed their greatest development after fusion of their shafts into uncus plates. The interjacent spaces between the heads functioned as a mold, organizing bundles of sclerites which developed into the uniseriate, zigzag‐shaped cristae rami. The fulcrum attained its definite shape by elongation of the double layer of rod‐shaped sclerites into appressed sclerofibrillae. Manubria became visible as a proximal ridge of sclerites, whereupon a triangular lamella composed of crisscross‐oriented sclerites developed distally, growing out to the manubrial chambers. Ramus chambers originated from two longitudinal amorphous lamellae incorporating the median rami sclerites and closing from distal to proximal; subbasal chambers were formed before the basal chambers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontogeny of the jaws of monogonont rotifers: the malleate trophi of Rhinoglena and Proalides (Ploima, Epiphanidae)

Smet

Segers

2017

Invertebrate Biology

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“…However, C‐values for rotifers are in the range of 0.25 pg ( Adineta vaga ) to 1.22 pg ( Philodena roseola ) (Mark Welch & Meselson, ; Mark Welch & Meselson, ; Gregory, ), which are small, but not ultra‐small. Wulfken & Ahlrichs () compared the ultrastructure of the jaw apparatus (mastax, including sclerites) of the small‐genome species Adineta vaga with that of other rotifers, but noted nothing special. Genome content has not been measured in gnatostomulids.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Micrognathozoa have micro-genomes?

Gorelick

2014

Biol J Linn Soc Lond

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Based on the extremely small sizes of their jaw components, I predict that members of the Micrognathozoa will have some of the smallest nuclear genomes of any metazoans or, possibly, even of any free‐living (non‐parasitic) eukaryotes. Micrognathozoan jaws may also be enervated by anucleate neurons. Consistent with the prediction of small genomes, micrognathozoan jaw parts have remarkably small cell nuclei. Identical arguments may apply to other members of the Gnathifera, namely Rotifera and Gnathostomulida. © 2014 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2014, 112, 640–644.

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“…The only muscle having this arrangement is the musculus ramo-manubricus found in Filinia longiseta [41] and Trichocerca rattus [33], both having very peculiar trophi (respectively malleoramate and asymmetrical virgate). In Rotifera, though, the posterior connection is well documented in the abundant work of the series of confocal and TEM studies by the Ahlrichs Group [31,32,[39][40][41], who refers to this muscle as the musculus fulcro ramicus. Furthermore, Riemann and Ahlrichs, emphasize the wide repartition of this muscle within Rotifera, suggesting the homology of this muscle across the taxon [39].…”

Section: Comparison Of the Pharyngeal Musculature Of L Maerski With mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detailed reconstruction of the musculature in Limnognathia maerski (Micrognathozoa) and comparison with other Gnathifera

et al. 2014

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Introduction: Limnognathia maerski is the single species of the recently described taxon, Micrognathozoa. The most conspicuous character of this animal is the complex set of jaws, which resembles an even more intricate version of the trophi of Rotifera and the jaws of Gnathostomulida. Whereas the jaws of Limnognathia maerski previously have been subject to close examinations, the related musculature and other organ systems are far less studied. Here we provide a detailed study of the body and jaw musculature of Limnognathia maerski, employing confocal laser scanning microscopy of phalloidin stained musculature as well as transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results: This study reveals a complex body wall musculature, comprising six pairs of main longitudinal muscles and 13 pairs of trunk dorso-ventral muscles. Most longitudinal muscles span the length of the body and some fibers even branch off and continue anteriorly into the head and posteriorly into the abdomen, forming a complex musculature. The musculature of the jaw apparatus shows several pairs of striated muscles largely related to the fibularium and the main jaws. The jaw articulation and function of major and minor muscle pairs are discussed. No circular muscles or intestinal musculature have been found, but some newly discovered muscles may supply the anal opening. Conclusions: The organization in Limnognathia maerski of the longitudinal and dorso-ventral muscle bundles in a loose grid is more similar to the organization found in rotifers rather than gnathostomulids. Although the dorso-ventral musculature is probably not homologous to the circular muscles of rotifers, a similar function in body extension is suggested. Additionally, a functional comparison between the jaw musculature of Limnognathia maerski, Rotifera and Gnathostomulida, emphasizes the important role of the fibularium in Limnognathia maerski, and suggests a closer functional resemblance to the jaw organization in Rotifera.

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The ultrastructure of the mastax of Filinia longiseta (Flosculariaceae, Rotifera): Informational value of the trophi structure and mastax musculature

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

Ontogeny of the jaws of monogonont rotifers: the malleate trophi of Rhinoglena and Proalides (Ploima, Epiphanidae)

Ontogeny of the jaws of monogonont rotifers: the malleate trophi of Rhinoglena and Proalides (Ploima, Epiphanidae)

Do Micrognathozoa have micro-genomes?

Detailed reconstruction of the musculature in Limnognathia maerski (Micrognathozoa) and comparison with other Gnathifera

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