1989
DOI: 10.1007/bf00413137
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The ultrastructure of chemolithoautotrophic Gallionella ferruginea and Thiobacillus ferrooxidans as revealed by chemical fixation and freeze-etching

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Cited by 23 publications
(18 citation statements)
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“…3). The close relationship to the chemolithotrophic Gallionella ferruginea is also reflected by an extensive intracellular membrane system, also found in some Nitrosomonas species, consisting (in part) of irregular tubes protruding into the cytoplasm continuous with the cytoplasmic membrane (30). The tubular membrane system of R purpureus also resembles those of Gallionella femuginea and some Nitrosomonas species.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 71%
“…3). The close relationship to the chemolithotrophic Gallionella ferruginea is also reflected by an extensive intracellular membrane system, also found in some Nitrosomonas species, consisting (in part) of irregular tubes protruding into the cytoplasm continuous with the cytoplasmic membrane (30). The tubular membrane system of R purpureus also resembles those of Gallionella femuginea and some Nitrosomonas species.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 71%
“…2c), the elongated fibers show strong Fe signals, but the bacterial cell shows only traces. Lutters and Hanert (11) found that an intracytoplasmic membrane system invaginated from the concave side of the Gallionella cell and concluded that this system was involved in Fe 2ϩ oxidation and Fe 3ϩ excretion. Kucera and Wolfe (10) noted that Gallionella cells possessed the unusual ability to secrete twisted, Fe 3ϩ -encrusted stalks.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is presently thought that the extracellular polysaccharides from the cell, which are the major organic components of the stalk, are closely linked with its mineralization by Fe, Si, and P (2, 4, 5, 7) and other minor elements (5). However, the structural origin and the presence of the stalk polysaccharides and the spatial association of elements within their structure remain unsolved in spite of a number of ultrastructural studies (2,7,11,14,18).Iron-oxidizing bacteria such as Gallionella, Leptothrix, Mariprofundus, and Rhodobacter (3,5,8,12,15,16,17), with the ability to form extracellular iron oxides, have evoked great interest in biological and geochemical fields of research. The potential for future industrial use of these biologically derived iron oxides clearly indicates the need for detailed systematic study of the interactions of the biological organics with the aquatic metals and minerals in the stalks.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…A plausible explanation for this difference is that the energy cost for stalk formation decreases the survivability for Sta + in conditions where the stalk is unneeded. The Sta-cells, on the other hand, can use reserve carbon such as PHB, (poly-[3-hydroxybutyrate) or glycogen [18] solely for a maintaining metabolism instead of both metabolism and stalk formation, rendering a prolonged survival. The observation that our pure cultures frequently lost the ability to produce a stalk when grown in the FC-medium confirms that the stalk is not of critical importance for growth and survival in this medium.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%