The two normal-incidence monochromator beam lines of PTB at BESSY II

Richter, M.; Hollandt, J.; Kroth, U.; Paustian, Wolfgang; Rabus, Hans; Thornagel, R.; Ulm, G.

doi:10.1016/s0168-9002(01)00426-0

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…PTB provides the calibration of radiation detectors and sources as well as the characterization of optical components in the UV and VUV range (Richter et al, 2001;Richter & Ulm, 1999). Fig.…”

Section: The Methods and Procedures Of Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A spherical grating maps the entrance slit in the first spectral order into the exit slit, where the radiation of the selected wavelength is detected by a photomultiplier tube. The corresponding wavelength and the spectral resolution depend on the angular position of Figure 5: The normal -incidence monochromator beam line used for calibration of radiation sources (Richter et al, 2001).…”

Section: The Methods and Procedures Of Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design and performance of a vacuum-UV simulator for material testing under space conditions

Sznajder

Renger

Witzke

et al. 2013

Advances in Space Research

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This paper describes the construction and performance of a VUV-simulator that has been designed to study degradation of materials under space conditions. It is part of the Complex Irradiation Facility at DLR in Bremen, Germany, that has been built for testing of material under irradiation in the complete UV-range as well as under proton and electron irradiation. Presently available UV-sources used for material tests do not allow the irradiation with wavelengths smaller than about 115 nm where common Deuterium lamps show an intensity cut-off. The VUV-simulator generates radiation by excitation of a gas-flow with an electron beam. The intensity of the radiation can be varied by manipulating the gas-flow and/or the electron beam.The VUV simulator has been calibrated at three different gas-flow settings in the range from 40 nm to 410 nm. The calibration has been made by the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) in Berlin. The measured spectra show total irradiance intensities from 24 to 58 mWm −2 (see Table 4.2) in the VUV-range, i.e. for wavelengths smaller than 200 nm. They exhibit a large number of spectral lines generated either by the gas-flow constituents or by metal atoms in the residual gas which come from metals used in the source construction. In the range from 40 nm to 120 nm where Deuterium lamps are not usable, acceleration factors of 3 to 26.3 Solar Constants are reached depending on the gas-flow setting. The VUV-simulator allows studies of general degradation effects caused by photoionization and photodissociation as well as accelerated degradation tests by use of intensities that are significantly higher compared to that of the Sun at 1 AU.

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Section: The Methods and Procedures Of Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Methods and Procedures Of Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and performance of a vacuum-UV simulator for material testing under space conditions

Sznajder

Renger

Witzke

et al. 2013

Advances in Space Research

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“…11 Another major improvement as compared to the BESSY II station is the fact that the distance from the MLS primary source to the transfer device and the distance from the source under test to the transfer device stays the same, ensuring that the same area of the optical components of the transfer device is illuminated in each case. The transfer station consists of a focusing ellipsoidal grazing incidence mirror under a 10 • incidence angle and a dedicated grating monochromator with a NI and a GI configuration for the respective wavelength regions.…”

Section: Principle Of Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8][9][10] A variety of different sources have been calibrated this way, such as deuterium lamps, 11 laser-driven light sources, hollow cathode sources, 12 Penning discharge sources, 13 electron-beam excitation sources, 14 electron cyclotron resonance sources, 15 or gas-jet sources. 16 Special hollow cathode-based sources were developed and calibrated by PTB and subsequently used as transfer standards for the calibration of the VUV telescopes at the SOHO (Solar and Heliospheric Observatory) solar mission 17,18 or for other missions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Of these stations, only the latter one was transferred from BESSY I to the BESSY II electron storage ring after the closure of BESSY I where it is being used for the regular calibration service of, e.g., D 2 -lamps or within scientific cooperations. 11,19 The two GI-geometry stations were not transferred to the BESSY II electron storage ring, since the BESSY II spectrum would have led to an unbearable amount of higher diffraction order radiation at these stations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A new facility for the synchrotron radiation-based calibration of transfer radiation sources in the ultraviolet and vacuum ultraviolet spectral range

Thornagel

Fliegauf

Klein

et al. 2015

Review of Scientific Instruments

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The Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) has a long tradition in the calibration of radiation sources in the ultraviolet and vacuum ultraviolet spectral range, with traceability to calculable synchrotron radiation. Within this context, new instrumentation in the PTB laboratory at the Metrology Light Source (MLS) has been put into operation that opens up extended and improved calibration possibilities. A new facility for radiation source calibrations has been set up in the spectral range from 7 nm to 400 nm based on a combined normal incidence-grazing incidence monochromator. The facility can be used for the calibration of transfer sources in terms of spectral radiant intensity or mean spectral radiance, with traceability to the MLS primary source standard. We describe the design and performance of the experimental station and give examples of some commissioning results.

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A quarter‐century of metrology using synchrotron radiation by PTB in Berlin

Beckhoff¹,

Gottwald²,

Klein³

et al. 2009

Physica Status Solidi (b)

131

114

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For more than 25 years, the Physikalisch‐Technische Bundesanstalt has been strongly engaged in the field of metrology using synchrotron radiation. In Berlin, this research programme started together with the user operation of the electron storage ring BESSY I in the early 1980s. At the beginning, the work was focused on fundamental radiometry, i.e. using the storage ring as a primary radiation source standard and operating beamlines for source and detector calibration in the vacuum ultraviolet spectral range. Meanwhile, at the electron storage rings BESSY II and Metrology Light Source in Berlin‐Adlershof, the activities have been extended to a broad range of fundamental and applied photon metrology in the range from the far infrared to hard X‐rays, including methods like cryogenic radiometry, reflectometry and X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy. In the present review, we give a short historical introduction to this work, describe our laboratories and the basic radiometric principles, and present examples of recent applications, largely performed within the framework of scientific cooperations with external partners from industry and research. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

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The two normal-incidence monochromator beam lines of PTB at BESSY II

Cited by 30 publications

References 7 publications

Design and performance of a vacuum-UV simulator for material testing under space conditions

Design and performance of a vacuum-UV simulator for material testing under space conditions

A new facility for the synchrotron radiation-based calibration of transfer radiation sources in the ultraviolet and vacuum ultraviolet spectral range

A quarter‐century of metrology using synchrotron radiation by PTB in Berlin

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