The beauty of leisure throughout life is that it can be shaped to one's desire in an infinite variety of ways. But do people take full advantage of the opportunities, even in their later years when they have more time? Most indications are that they do not. Whether it is for lack of appropriate models or lack of preparation for using time wisely (as opposed to efficiently), many reach the second half of life with only an expectation for rest and pleasure, the primary rewards for having worked to carve out a sufficient standard of living and/or establish a family with a firm foundation. Instead, the most common pattern of older people in the western world -even those with circumstances that afford the freedom to choose to the contrary -is to spend massive amounts of time watching television (e.g., Robinson & Godbey, 1997). And while television at times may be intriguing and meaningful as well as relaxing and pleasurable, the evidence is that it lacks the experiential impact that would contribute to well being in later life (e.g., Kubey & Csikszentmihalyi, 1990). But what is "using time wisely"? Surely, that is a personal value judgment. And are not relaxation and pleasure as defensible as anything else? Perhaps, but to better answer that question we would need to consider their place in the research on what it means to age well or to age successfully.What I will argue in this article is that we do have examples and evidence for patterns that are sustaining and enriching in adulthood and contribute substantially to subjective well being, quality of life and perhaps even quantity of life, though that isn't the critical measure in my view. We must be more precise about the indicators of successful aging before examining how and when leisure choices can contribute to those ends. Before that however, we can begin by acknowledging who might be left out of this analysis. The topic of leisure and free time opportunities is arguably irrelevant to the poor and the ill and disabled for whom survival is an ongoing struggle itself, where pleasures are few and opportunities for self-realization are limited.