On the Validation of the Passion Scale in Chinese

Zhao, Yaxi; St-Louis, Ariane C.; Vallerand, Robert J.

doi:10.1186/s13612-015-0031-1

Cited by 33 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In the CFA of the two‐factor structure, high modification indices corresponding to pairwise correlated uniquenesses between items HP1, HP5, and HP6 suggested the same grouping of the HP items as the correlation matrix. In addition, we found in line with other studies 4,26 a high modification index between items OP3 and OP4 (Figure 1A). Panel A of Table 2 shows the item loadings for this two‐factor structure.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Passion for exercise has three dimensions: Psychometric evaluation of The Passion Scale in a Danish fitness sample

et al. 2020

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Passion for exercise has been described by a dualistic model suggesting that passion can be harmonious or obsessive. Harmonious passion is in balance with other activities in life, while obsessive passion is compulsive and harmful. The 12‐item Passion Scale was developed to identify these two dimensions of passion. The current study aimed to validate the scale in a Danish fitness sample and to examine the structure of the Passion Scale. We also explored the relationship between passion, exercise addiction, and exercise identity. Participants (n = 1255) from a Danish fitness company completed an online survey consisting of the Passion Scale, the Exercise Addiction Inventory, The Exercise Identity Scale, and sociodemographic variables (mean age 31 years, 80% female). The reliability and construct validity of the Passion Scale was good, but a confirmatory factor analysis indicated a three‐factor structure comprising obsessive passion, and two dimensions of harmonious passion: (1) “the activity fits in with rest of my life” (harmony) and (2) “the activity gives me new experiences” (discovery). The three dimensions of passion may reflect a continuum of exercise engagement from commitment to obsession. We found that obsessive passion was strongly related to exercise addiction, exercise identity, sport injury, and poorer health.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Passion for exercise has three dimensions: Psychometric evaluation of The Passion Scale in a Danish fitness sample

et al. 2020

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“…The three correlated uniquenesses were similar in magnitude for both models and these were also similar to previous studies. The first CU (with the highest modification indices) was between OP7 (i.e., “This activity is the only thing that really turns me on”) and OP9 (i.e., “If I could, I would only do my activity”) which was present in three of the four previous studies mentioned above (Marsh et al, 2013 ; Chamarro et al, 2015 ; Zhao et al, 2015 ). The wording of these items indicated that both refer to the exclusive place that the activity occupies in one's life.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…The wording of these items indicated that both refer to the exclusive place that the activity occupies in one's life. The second CU was between HP1 (i.e., “This activity is in harmony with the other activities in my life”) and HP10 (i.e., My activity is in harmony with other things that are part of me) was present for Schellenberg et al ( 2014 ) and Zhao et al ( 2015 ), both belonged to the harmonious passion factor and referred to the fact that the activity was in harmony with other aspects of life. The third CU was between OP4 (i.e., “I have almost an obsessive feeling for this activity”) and OP12 (i.e., “I have the impression that my activity controls me”), and interestingly, despite belonging to the same factor, they had a negative association with each other which might be attributed to the fact that they differentially tap into HP (i.e., OP4 positively, whereas OP12 negatively).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…More specifically, Marsh et al ( 2013 ) had CUs between HP1-HP8 and OP7-OP9; Schellenberg et al ( 2014 ) also identified two CUs between HP1–HP10 and OP2–OP4. Similarly, Zhao et al ( 2015 ) included two CUs between items HP1–HP10 and OP7–OP9. Finally, the study of Chamarro et al ( 2015 ) included a total of three CUs (HP1–HP8, OP7–OP9, OP2–OP4).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Illustration of the Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) Framework on the Passion Scale

et al. 2017

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While exploratory factor analysis (EFA) provides a more realistic presentation of the data with the allowance of item cross-loadings, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) includes many methodological advances that the former does not. To create a synergy of the two, exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) was proposed as an alternative solution, incorporating the advantages of EFA and CFA. The present investigation is thus an illustrative demonstration of the applicability and flexibility of ESEM. To achieve this goal, we compared CFA and ESEM models, then thoroughly tested measurement invariance and differential item functioning through multiple-indicators-multiple-causes (MIMIC) models on the Passion Scale, the only measure of the Dualistic Model of Passion (DMP) which differentiates between harmonious and obsessive forms of passion. Moreover, a hybrid model was also created to overcome the drawbacks of the two methods. Analyses of the first large community sample (N = 7,466; 67.7% females; Mage = 26.01) revealed the superiority of the ESEM model relative to CFA in terms of improved goodness-of-fit and less correlated factors, while at the same time retaining the high definition of the factors. However, this fit was only achieved with the inclusion of three correlated uniquenesses, two of which appeared in previous studies and one of which was specific to the current investigation. These findings were replicated on a second, comprehensive sample (N = 504; 51.8% females; Mage = 39.59). After combining the two samples, complete measurement invariance (factor loadings, item intercepts, item uniquenesses, factor variances-covariances, and latent means) was achieved across gender and partial invariance across age groups and their combination. Only one item intercept was non-invariant across both multigroup and MIMIC approaches, an observation that was further corroborated by the hybrid model. While obsessive passion showed a slight decline in the hybrid model, harmonious passion did not. Overall, the ESEM framework is a viable alternative of CFA that could be used and even extended to address substantially important questions and researchers should systematically compare these two approaches to identify the most suitable one.

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“…Third, although we found solid evidence of a difference between Passion constructs of HP and OP, future studies should associate scores on this instrument with other motivational or emotional variables. For example, Zhao, St-Louis, and Vallerand (2015) in a study with Chinese participants demonstrated that HP was significantly positively associated with positive emotions and significantly negatively associated with negative emotions, while OP was significantly positively associated with both positive and negative emotions. Finally, this analysis exhibited an adjusted fit for measurement invariance between samples involving gender and six different types of sports, and forthcoming studies should examine invariance between other group characteristics (e.g., countries, collectivism and individualism sports, amateur, and professional athletes).…”

Section: Study Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Passion Scale—Portuguese Version: Reliability, Validity, and Invariance of Gender and Sport

Cid¹,

Vitorino²,

Bento³

et al. 2019

Percept Mot Skills

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The aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the original version of the Passion Scale (14 items, two factors). We tested it within a sample of mixed gender Portuguese athletes from different sports, including adapted sports. In addition to demonstrating reliability, validity, and confirmatory factor analyses of the Passion Scale, we sought to analyze the invariance of this measure between males and females and across six types of sports (soccer, futsal, swimming, surf, bodyboard, and adapted sports). We recruited 1,316 athletes to test this scale from both genders (1,109 males; 207 females), aged 14–59 years ( M = 21.83; SD = 8.67). Our main results revealed weaknesses in the factor model for the original instrument (14 items and two factors) leading us to reject the model. However, after adapting the model (to eight items and two factors), the psychometric properties of the Passion Scale improved substantially and then exhibited (a) good fit to the data and (b) invariance between gender and across sports. Our new proposed version of the Passion Scale can be used with confidence to analyze the passion athletes feel when practicing their sport.

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On the Validation of the Passion Scale in Chinese

Cited by 33 publications

References 32 publications

Passion for exercise has three dimensions: Psychometric evaluation of The Passion Scale in a Danish fitness sample

Passion for exercise has three dimensions: Psychometric evaluation of The Passion Scale in a Danish fitness sample

An Illustration of the Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) Framework on the Passion Scale

The Passion Scale—Portuguese Version: Reliability, Validity, and Invariance of Gender and Sport

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