The Twisted Road to Democracy as a Quest for Security: Germany in the Twentieth Century

Population ageing in a lifecourse perspective: developing a conceptual framework

“…Migration simultaneously affects the age structures in the countries of destination and origin. For example, the immigration of guest workers into the FRG in the 1950s and 1960s slowed down population ageing in West Germany (Bauerkämper 2014; Coleman 2008). However, at the same time it reduced the number of youths and mid-agers in e.g.…”

“…In Germany, the first demographic transition began slowly during the 18th century (Knodel 1983) and it gained momentum during the following centuries, with the formation of the German confederation (19th century), the German Empire (1871–1918) and finally the Weimar Republic (1919–1933) (Evans 1997; Hagen 2012). However, lives in Germany changed dramatically under the rule of Adolf Hitler (1933–1945), who created the Third Reich and led Germany into World War II (Bauerkämper 2014; Evans 1997). During World War II, Germany suffered 2.5 million casualties, almost 2 million soldiers went missing in action and 210,000 German citizens died in concentration camps (Osborne 2005).…”

“…Germany's recruitment of guest workers slowed down the process of population ageing (Coleman 2008). Germany recruited these migrants in the late 1950s and onwards, mainly from Italy, Turkey, Greece and Yugoslavia (Bauerkämper 2014). By 1973, there were about 2.6 million labour migrants in Western Germany (Schönwalder 2006).…”

“…The German government intended these people to work temporarily in the growing German industrial sector and then return to their home countries (Schönwälder 2006). However, it soon became obvious that many of these migrants were going to stay, and their families followed them to Germany (Bauerkämpfer 2014). This migration for family reunion is another example of linked lives (Bengtson, Elder and Putney 2005).…”

Un nuevo objeto histórico. La democracia y los historiadores

“…Así, Pepijn Corduwener ha analizado de manera comparada el largo y disputado proceso a través del cual las élites políticas francesas, italianas y de la República Federal Alemana lograron alcanzar un consenso sobre el modelo de democracia que compartían y se reconocieron unas a otras como actores legítimos de la vida política de sus diversos países (Corduwener: 2016(Corduwener: y 2017. De igual modo, estos procesos han sido abordados de manera nacional por distintos autores que han puesto el foco en diferentes aspectos de los mismos, desde las bases intelectuales de las diversas concepciones existentes sobre la democracia, hasta su imbricación en la evolución de la historia política de cada país, pasando por el estudio de sus principales protagonistas (Bauerkämper: 2014;Bedeschi: 2013;Berstein: 1999;Forner: 2016;Nord: 2019;Orsina: 2019).…”