The Tuberculin Skin Test: A Useful Screen for Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Lymphadenitis in Regions with a Low Prevalence of Tuberculosis?

Hill, A. Ross

doi:10.1086/509334

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This confirms the diagnosis of NTM disease in immunocompetent children. 12 The frequency and distribution of mycobacterial species varies greatly in different geographic regions of the world. In developed countries, M. avium complex is the most common mycobacterial species causing disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric and Adolescent Imported Malaria in Cape Town

Gray¹,

Cooke²,

Rabie³

et al. 2009

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric and Adolescent Imported Malaria in Cape Town

Gray¹,

Cooke²,

Rabie³

et al. 2009

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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“…Nonetheless, diagnostic approaches such as the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), Fine Needle Aspiration, or excisional biopsy have limitations in terms of sensitivity and specificity as well as the inadvertent complications of invasive testing 5 , 6 , 18 , 21 , 22 . The role of Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) has been evaluated with variable reported sensitivity of 5–50% for NTM and only improved role if cut off values are lowered which creates confusion in patients where prior TB exposure happened 4 , 6 , 10 , 13 , 26 , 27 . Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) culture yield is reported at approximately 46%, with the predominant role of FNA in cases where malignancy is suspected 13 , 28 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiomics and machine learning for the diagnosis of pediatric cervical non-tuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis

Bulushi

Saint‐Martin

Muthukrishnan

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection is an emerging infectious entity that often presents as lymphadenitis in the pediatric age group. Current practice involves invasive testing and excisional biopsy to diagnose NTM lymphadenitis. In this study, we performed a retrospective analysis of 249 lymph nodes selected from 143 CT scans of pediatric patients presenting with lymphadenopathy at the Montreal Children’s Hospital between 2005 and 2018. A Random Forest classifier was trained on the ten most discriminative features from a set of 1231 radiomic features. The model classifying nodes as pyogenic, NTM, reactive, or proliferative lymphadenopathy achieved an accuracy of 72%, a precision of 68%, and a recall of 70%. Between NTM and all other causes of lymphadenopathy, the model achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 89%. Between NTM and pyogenic lymphadenitis, the model achieved an AUC of 90%. Between NTM and the reactive and proliferative lymphadenopathy groups, the model achieved an AUC of 93%. These results indicate that radiomics can achieve a high accuracy for classification of NTM lymphadenitis. Such a non-invasive highly accurate diagnostic approach has the potential to reduce the need for invasive procedures in the pediatric population.

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Clinical features and incidence of Mycobacterium avium infections in children

Thegerström

Friman

Nylén

et al. 2008

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Mycobacterium avium is the most common pathogen in children presenting as non-tuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis. In Sweden non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection is a notifiable disease. The goal of our study was to determine the annual incidence of M. avium infection in Swedish children, 1998-2003, and describe clinical features related to age and treatment of children with M. avium lymphadenitis. To do this, we retrospectively analysed patient records of 162 children less than 7 y of age from the entire country with culture-verified M. avium disease. The incidence of M. avium infection in Sweden was lower in 2000-2003 than in 1998-1999. Young children (

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The Tuberculin Skin Test: A Useful Screen for Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Lymphadenitis in Regions with a Low Prevalence of Tuberculosis?

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Pediatric and Adolescent Imported Malaria in Cape Town

Pediatric and Adolescent Imported Malaria in Cape Town

Radiomics and machine learning for the diagnosis of pediatric cervical non-tuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis

Clinical features and incidence of Mycobacterium avium infections in children

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