The TRIUMF 500 MeV cyclotron: the driver accelerator

Bylinskii, Iouri; Craddock, M. K.

doi:10.1007/s10751-013-0878-6

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…3. Below a χ 2 value of 200 1 , the energy spectrum (solid dots in the lower panel) exhibits a clear peak that is in excellent agreement with a Breit-Wigner distribution with two contributions: protons emitted from the cathode with 178(20) keV, and 10% of decays in gas with 196 keV (178 keV plus 18 keV from the 10 Be recoil), respectively, both with a width of 12 (5) keV. The proton penetrability as a function of the energy was also taken into account.…”

mentioning

confidence: 54%

“…ayyadlim@frib.msu.edu This low neutron binding energy allows for the counterintuitive β − p + decay to happen. In nuclei like 11 Be, called halo nuclei, the last neutron is so weakly bound that it orbits far from an inert core [5][6][7]. The β − p + decay mechanism has been modeled as a decay of the halo neutron into a proton that is either in a high-energy resonant state above its separation energy or directly in the continuum, free to be emitted [8].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Direct Observation of Proton Emission in Be11

Ayyad¹,

Olaizola²,

Mittig³

et al. 2019

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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The elusive β − p + decay was observed in 11 Be by directly measuring the emitted protons and their energy distribution for the first time with the prototype Active Target Time Projection Chamber (pAT-TPC) in an experiment performed at ISAC-TRIUMF. The measured β − p + branching ratio is orders of magnitude larger than any previous theoretical model predicted. This can be explained by the presence of a narrow resonance in 11 B above the proton separation energy.

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confidence: 54%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Observation of Proton Emission in Be11

Ayyad¹,

Olaizola²,

Mittig³

et al. 2019

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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“…Proton irradiations were performed at the Proton Therapy facility at TRIUMF 24 , the only Proton Therapy centre in Canada to date 25,26 , and one of several centers specializing in treating ocular cancer worldwide 27 . The facility consists of a dedicated horizontal beam line, extracting 74 MeV protons from the TRIUMF main cyclotron 28 . The beam delivery system is passive, see Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Gd3+-doped silica-based optical fiber material for dosimetry in proton therapy

Hoehr

Morana

Duhamel

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Optical fibers hold promise for accurate dosimetry in small field proton therapy due to their superior spatial resolution and the lack of significant Cerenkov contamination in proton beams. One known drawback for most scintillation detectors is signal quenching in areas of high linear energy transfer, as is the case in the Bragg peak region of a proton beam. In this study, we investigated the potential of innovative optical fiber bulk materials using the sol-gel technique for dosimetry in proton therapy. This type of glass is made of amorphous silica (SiO) and is doped with Gd ions and possesses very interesting light emission properties with a luminescence band around 314 nm when exposed to protons. The fibers were manufactured at the University of Lille and tested at the TRIUMF Proton Therapy facility with 8.2–62.9 MeV protons and 2–6 nA of extracted beam current. Dose-rate dependence and quenching were measured and compared to other silica-based fibers also made by sol-gel techniques and doped with Ce and Cu. The three fibers present strong luminescence in the UV (Gd) or visible (Cu,Ce) under irradiation, with the emission intensities related directly to the proton flux. In addition, the 0.5 mm diameter Gd-doped fiber shows superior resolution of the Bragg peak, indicating significantly reduced quenching in comparison to the Ce and Cu fibers with a Birks’ constant, k, of (0.0162 0.0003) cm/MeV in comparison to (0.0333 0.0006) cm/MeV and (0.0352 0.0003) cm/MeV, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report of such an interesting k for a silica-based optical fiber material, showing clearly that this fiber presents lower quenching than common plastic scintillators. This result demonstrates the high potential of this inorganic fiber material for proton therapy dosimetry.

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“…However, the facility has received little use in recent years despite routinely receiving proton beam. IPF is located near the end of beamline 1A (BL1A), the main beamline of TRIUMF's 500 MeV cyclotron [28]. With the exception of TRIUMF's Thermal Neutron Facility [29]-which is downstream of the BL1A beam dump-the majority of BL1A users are located upstream from IPF and are not affected by its operations.…”

Section: Triumf's 500 Mev Isotope Production Facilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Thorium Metal Target for 225Ac Production at TRIUMF

et al. 2019

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With recent impressive clinical results of targeted alpha therapy using 225Ac, significant effort has been directed towards providing a reliable and sufficient supply of 225Ac to enable widespread using of 225Ac-radiopharmaceuticals. TRIUMF has begun production of 225Ac via spallation of thorium metal with 480 MeV protons. As part of this program, a new 225Ac-production target system capable of withstanding the power deposited by the proton beam was designed and its performance simulated over a range of potential operating parameters. Special attention was given to heat transfer and stresses within the target components. The target was successfully tested in two irradiations with a 72–73 µA proton beam for a duration of 36.5 h. The decay corrected activity at end of irradiation (average ± standard deviation) was (524 ± 21) MBq (14.2 mCi) and (86 ± 13) MBq (2.3 mCi) for 225Ac and 225Ra, respectively. These correspond to saturation yields of 72.5 MBq/µA for 225Ac and 17.6 MBq/µA for 225Ra. Longer irradiations and production scale-up are planned in the future.

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The TRIUMF 500 MeV cyclotron: the driver accelerator

Cited by 21 publications

References 2 publications

Direct Observation of Proton Emission in Be11

Direct Observation of Proton Emission in Be11

Novel Gd3+-doped silica-based optical fiber material for dosimetry in proton therapy

Design of a Thorium Metal Target for 225Ac Production at TRIUMF

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