The Treatment of Retinoblastoma with Four-Drug Regimen Including Cisplatin, Etoposide, Vincristine, and Cyclophosphamide

Varan, Ali; Kıratlı, Hayyam; Aydın, Burça; Tarlan, Berçin; Poyraz, Cigdem Beyhan; Akyüz, Canan; Büyükpamukçu, Münevver

doi:10.3109/08880018.2012.700387

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Shields et al [4] reported that the ICRB can predict the success of chemoreduction. The conventional treatment options are systemic chemotherapy, local therapy (i.e., cryotherapy, thermotherapy, laser photocoagulation and plaque radiotherapy), external beam radiotherapy and enucleation [5]. Long-term control can be achieved with carboplatin, etoposide and vincristine treatment when used in combination with local therapies [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy for Retinoblastoma: A Single-Center Experience

Akyüz

Kıratlı²,

Şen

et al. 2015

Ophthalmologica

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Background: Studies conducted in recent years have reported promising results regarding the treatment of retinoblastoma with the intra-arterial use of melphalan. In the present study, we intended to report the results of intra-arterial chemotherapy with melphalan (IACT) in the treatment of newly diagnosed or relapsed-refractory retinoblastoma patients at the Department of Pediatric Oncology of Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients with intraocular retinoblastoma who were treated with IACT from December 2011 to May 2014. A total of 56 eyes of 46 consecutive patients (30 males and 16 females) were included in the study. Forty-four eyes received systemic chemotherapy upon diagnosis (systemic chemotherapy group, SCG), and 12 eyes were those of newly diagnosed patients (primary intra-arterial melphalan group, PIAG). The choice of the IACT dose was based on age. Tumor control and globe salvage with IACT were analyzed. Complete blood counts were examined 7 days after the IACT for systemic toxicity. Ocular toxicities such as proptosis, eyelid edema, ocular motility, and retinal and optic atrophy were assessed by an ocular oncologist with regular ophthalmologic examinations. Results: Enucleation was avoided overall in 66% (37/56) of the eyes, including 75% (9/12) in the PIAG and 64% (28/44) in the SCG patients. The 1-year enucleation-free survival rate was 56.7% at a median follow-up time of 11.9 months (range 0.27-27.6). IACT was administered in a total of 124 cycles (ranging from 1 to 7 cycles, mean 2.3). The responses were as follows: regression of the retinal tumor in 27 eyes and improvements in vitreous seeding in 5 of 15 eyes. The further treatment requirements after IACT were as follows: enucleation in 19 eyes (10 with vitreous seeding), radiotherapy in 3 eyes, systemic chemotherapy in 1 eye, and local therapy in 1 eye. No severe systemic side effects occurred. Transient swelling of the eyelids (22 patients), conjunctival chemosis (12 patients), upper eyelid ptosis (5 patients), redness over the frontal area (3 patients), limitation of ocular motility (3 patients) and mild proptosis (1 patient) were detected. Retinal pigment epithelial alterations (30 patients) and optic atrophy (3 patients) were seen in the late follow-up. Conclusions: Globe salvage and avoidance of radiotherapy may be achieved by IACT with limited toxicity. This treatment is efficient, repeatable and safe.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, treatment success is not satisfactory in the advanced stage of the disease, particularly for those with vitreous seeding. Systemic chemotherapy results in side effects, such as myelosuppression, ototoxicity, failure to thrive, as well as nephrotoxicity [5]. Focal therapy has a limited effect in the advanced stage of the disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy for Retinoblastoma: A Single-Center Experience

Akyüz

Kıratlı²,

Şen

et al. 2015

Ophthalmologica

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“…3,4 Searching for novel prognostic markers of RB, therefore, remains urgent for us. Most RB cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage before the age of 5, which accounts for the high mortality rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 During the past years, different treatments such as enucleation, externalbeam radiotherapy and chemotherapy were developed, but the overall survival rate remains far from favorable due to limited early diagnosis. 3,4 Searching for novel prognostic markers of RB, therefore, remains urgent for us. S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2), which is also called FBXL1 or p45, belongs to the F-box protein family.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SKP2, positively regulated by circ_ODC1/miR‐422a axis, promotes the proliferation of retinoblastoma

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2019

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common intraocular malignancy in infants and children. S‐phase kinase‐associated protein 2 (SKP2) has been unmasked as an oncogene in a great many of carcinomas. The biologic function and the detailed molecular mechanism of SKP2 in RB need to be better understood. In this study, real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot showed the ectopic expression of SKP2 in RB tissues and cell lines. Loss of function assays showed the attenuated cell proliferation in RB as a result of SKP2 knockdown. In addition, bioinformatics analysis predicted the interaction between SKP2 and miR‐422a. Luciferase reporter assay and Pearson's correlation analysis validated the negative correlation between miR‐422a and SKP2. MiR‐422a overexpression led to a decline of SKP2 expression and cell growth in RB. The binding capacity between miR‐422a and circ_ODC1 was also predicted by bioinformatics analysis. Pearson's correlation analysis and luciferase reporter assay confirmed that circ_ODC1 is negatively correlated with miR‐422a. Silencing circ_ODC1 resulted in a rise in miR‐422a expression and RB cell growth. Moreover, reduced cell growth was restored by SKP2 overexpression. In a word, SKP2, induced by circ_ODC1 and miR‐422a, promotes RB proliferation. Our new findings in this research might expedite the discovery of novel prognostic markers and therapeutic targets of RB.

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“…Retinoblastoma (RB) is a rare type of eye cancer that usually develops in childhood, with an average incidence of one case for every 15,000–20,000 live births . Treatment and diagnostic modalities associated with this disease are changing rapidly according to our understanding . RB was traditionally treated with enucleation and external‐beam radiotherapy; however, in the past decade, systemic chemotherapy has become the primary globe‐salvaging approach .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1α by siRNA‐Induced Apoptosis in Human Retinoblastoma Cells

Ming²,

Ge³

et al. 2014

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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Hypoxia, which activates the hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), is an essential feature of retinoblastoma (RB) and contributes to poor prognosis and resistance to conventional therapy. In this study, the effect of HIF-1α knockdown by small interfering RNA (siRNA) on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and apoptotic pathways of human Y-79 RB cells was first investigated. Exposure to hypoxia induced the increased expression of HIF-1α both in mRNA and protein levels. Then, knockdown of HIF-1α by siRNAHIF-1α resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in human Y-79 RB cells under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions, with hypoxic conditions being more sensitive. Furthermore, knockdown of HIF-1α could enhance hypoxia-induced slight increase of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and activate caspase-9 and caspase-3. These results together indicated that suppression of HIF-1α expression may be a promising strategy for the treatment of human RB in the future.

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The Treatment of Retinoblastoma with Four-Drug Regimen Including Cisplatin, Etoposide, Vincristine, and Cyclophosphamide

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy for Retinoblastoma: A Single-Center Experience

Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy for Retinoblastoma: A Single-Center Experience

SKP2, positively regulated by circ_ODC1/miR‐422a axis, promotes the proliferation of retinoblastoma

Inhibition of Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1α by siRNA‐Induced Apoptosis in Human Retinoblastoma Cells

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