The Transmission Dynamics of Canine American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Huánuco, Peru

Reithinger, Richard; Espinoza, Juan Canales; Davies, Clive R.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2003.69.473

Cited by 32 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Abundance and geographic distributions of many mosquito-borne diseases are currently driven primarily by control efforts that superimpose on any climate effects. Large increases in vector R 0 may, however, render current vector and vector-borne disease control methods ineffective as vector multiplication outstrips control efforts (Massad, 2008;Reithinger et al 2003;Smith et al 2007). R 0 increases associated with climate change may be limited in some circumstances.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimated Effects of Projected Climate Change on the Basic Reproductive Number of the Lyme Disease Vector Ixodes scapularis

Ogden

Radojevic

et al. 2014

Environ Health Perspect

191

174

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Background: The extent to which climate change may affect human health by increasing risk from vector-borne diseases has been under considerable debate.Objectives: We quantified potential effects of future climate change on the basic reproduction number (R0) of the tick vector of Lyme disease, Ixodes scapularis, and explored their importance for Lyme disease risk, and for vector-borne diseases in general.Methods: We applied observed temperature data for North America and projected temperatures using regional climate models to drive an I. scapularis population model to hindcast recent, and project future, effects of climate warming on R0. Modeled R0 increases were compared with R0 ranges for pathogens and parasites associated with variations in key ecological and epidemiological factors (obtained by literature review) to assess their epidemiological importance.Results: R0 for I. scapularis in North America increased during the years 1971–2010 in spatio-temporal patterns consistent with observations. Increased temperatures due to projected climate change increased R0 by factors (2–5 times in Canada and 1.5–2 times in the United States), comparable to observed ranges of R0 for pathogens and parasites due to variations in strains, geographic locations, epidemics, host and vector densities, and control efforts.Conclusions: Climate warming may have co-driven the emergence of Lyme disease in northeastern North America, and in the future may drive substantial disease spread into new geographic regions and increase tick-borne disease risk where climate is currently suitable. Our findings highlight the potential for climate change to have profound effects on vectors and vector-borne diseases, and the need to refocus efforts to understand these effects.Citation: Ogden NH, Radojević M, Wu X, Duvvuri VR, Leighton PA, Wu J. 2014. Estimated effects of projected climate change on the basic reproductive number of the Lyme disease vector Ixodes scapularis. Environ Health Perspect 122:631–638; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307799

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimated Effects of Projected Climate Change on the Basic Reproductive Number of the Lyme Disease Vector Ixodes scapularis

Ogden

Radojevic

et al. 2014

Environ Health Perspect

191

174

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Indeed, there are very few studies describing canine CL in South America. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] [15][16][17][18][19] Nevertheless, the main factor that has influenced this outbreak is the high number of military members who are entering the forest areas because of the armed conflict in the country and in the fight against drugs; therefore, they are the population group with the highest incidence of the disease. 20 The soldiers enter the jungle areas accompanied by dogs specially trained to detect landmines or illicit crops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Epidemic Outbreak of Canine Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Colombia Caused by Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania panamensis

Vélez¹,

Carrillo²,

López³

et al. 2012

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. The largest recorded outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Colombia's history occurred during [2005][2006][2007][2008][2009] in soldiers of the Colombian Army, with~40,000 cases. This outbreak was caused by the influx of military personnel into the jungle with the mission of combat illicit crops and the guerrilla. The soldiers remain for long periods within the rainforest and are exposed to the bite of infected sand flies. During the military activities, soldiers work with dogs specially trained to detect landmines, and therefore, dogs are also exposed to the infected sand flies and show high incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). This work describes an epidemic outbreak of canine CL caused by Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania panamensis in Colombia, South America. The clinical features of the disease and the response to treatment with pentavalent antimonials observed in 72 guard dogs from the Colombian Army are described. A program for prevention and control of canine CL is also discussed.

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“…The lack of a strong association between infection status and dog age can be attributed to a high recovery rate from detectable infection, as has been observed in Peru where the recovery rate was 0.5/year. 21 The association, although weak, between householder-reported presence of sand flies in the house and seroprevalence, coupled with the lack of an association between hunting and infection, suggests that dogs acquired infection in the peridomestic environment. This finding is consistent with the hypothesis that human transmission in this area is peridomestic, and the putative vector Lutzomyia longiflocosa is known to occur inside houses in the study area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leishmania (Viannia) Infection in the Domestic Dog in Chaparral, Colombia

Santaella¹,

Ocampo²,

Saravia³

et al. 2011

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Peridomestic transmission of American cutaneous leishmaniasis is increasingly reported and dogs may be a reservoir of Leishmania ( Viannia ) in this setting. We investigated the prevalence of infection in dogs in Chaparral County, Colombia, the focus of an epidemic of human cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania ( Viannia ) guyanensis . Two (0.72%) of 279 dogs had lesions typical of cutaneous leishmaniasis that were biopsy positive by kinetoplast DNA polymerase chain reaction-Southern blotting. Seroprevalence was 2.2% (6 of 279) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Buffy coat and ear skin biopsy specimens were positive by polymerase chain reaction-Southern blotting in 7.3% (10 of 137) and 11.4% (12 of 105) of dogs, respectively. Overall 20% of dogs (21 of 105) showed positive results for one or more tests. Amplification and sequencing of the Leishmania 7SL RNA gene identified L. guyanensis in one dog and L. braziliensis in two dogs. No association was identified between the risk factors evaluated and canine infection. Dogs may contribute to transmission but their role in this focus appears to be limited.

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The Transmission Dynamics of Canine American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Huánuco, Peru

Cited by 32 publications

References 21 publications

Estimated Effects of Projected Climate Change on the Basic Reproductive Number of the Lyme Disease Vector Ixodes scapularis

Estimated Effects of Projected Climate Change on the Basic Reproductive Number of the Lyme Disease Vector Ixodes scapularis

An Epidemic Outbreak of Canine Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Colombia Caused by Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania panamensis

Leishmania (Viannia) Infection in the Domestic Dog in Chaparral, Colombia

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