The Time Budget of Javan Deer ( Rusa timorensis , Blainville 1822) in Panaitan Island, Ujung Kulon National Park, Banten, Indonesia

Pairah,; Santosa, Yanto; Prasetyo, Lilik Budi; Mustari, Abdul Haris

doi:10.4308/hjb.21.3.121

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Grooming was mostly observed in the early hours of the day. Similar results have been reported for Javan deer (Rusa timorensis) (Pairah et al, 2014). Grooming is mostly performed for reducing the burden of ticks and also to avoid insects which may cause pathogenic infection (Akinyi et al, 2013;Zhukovskaya et al, 2013).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

Monitoring post-release behavioural activity of captive-bred urial (Ovis vignei punjabiensis) at Togh Managara Safari Park Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Khattak¹,

Liu²,

Teng³

et al. 2022

Braz. J. Biol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Punjab urial (Ovis vignei punjabiensis) is a globally threatened wild sheep species. In Pakistan the species is legally protected and bred in captivity to release into natural habitats to reinforce wild populations. Vigilance and feeding are critical to survival, though the degree to which captive-bred animals exhibit these behaviours post-release has rarely been investigated. We monitored the daily behaviours of five adult urial after release and classifying behaviours from 0600 hrs to 1800 hrs, replicating each one-hour period twice and recording four observations of each animal per hour. At the herd level, vigilance and feeding behaviours were exhibited equally. Males and females invested equal time in feeding, males were more vigilant (p = 0.001) and more aggressive (p = 0.010), and females were more restful (p = 0.019) or engaged in grooming (p = 0.044) or locomotion (p = 0.002). Females spent more time feeding than being vigilant (p = 0.002). Males maintained high levels of vigilance throughout the day. Patterns of resting 1300 hrs to 1500 hrs and feeding in early morning and late afternoon were common for both sexes. Behaviours classified as ‘other’ were exhibited equally between sexes. Our results reveal positive indications of captive-bred urial balancing threat detection and energy acquisition post-release and exhibiting natural behaviours and activity patterns. We encourage assessment of survivorship to evaluate long-term effectiveness of captive breeding and release as a candidate restoration programme.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

Monitoring post-release behavioural activity of captive-bred urial (Ovis vignei punjabiensis) at Togh Managara Safari Park Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Khattak¹,

Liu²,

Teng³

et al. 2022

Braz. J. Biol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It was similar to that in the outside area of Cikamal, particularly PNTP, Javan deer were spotted spending their time mostly for feeding (Withaningsih et al 2020). In Panaitan Island of Ujung Kulon National Park, Javan deer spent time feeding (Pairah et al 2014). The Javan deer herd in Cikamal also performed alerting primarily when the observer came to the site for the observation.…”

Section: Daily Behaviour Patterns Of Javan Deersupporting

confidence: 53%

“…The age of Javan deer was classified according to the size of their physical appearance. Big-sized deer are assumed to be older (Yuliawati 2011;Pairah et al 2014). Meanwhile, the sex was classified by antler characteristics which only male Javan deer have antlers on their heads whether they are juvenile or adult (Yudha et al 2019).…”

Section: Javan Deer Encountermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Alternative Strategy to Improve the Conservation of Javan Deer in Pangandaran Nature Reserve, West Java, Indonesia

Firdaus

Irwanto²,

Sumarga³

2023

J.Tropical Biodiversity Biotechnology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The habitat of Javan deer in Pangandaran Nature Reserve (PNR) faced natural changes, particularly due to the succession process of vegetation community in grazing areas, and inadequate infrastructures that affected the deer to roam outside PNR. This study aimed to formulate strategies for the conservation of Javan deer in PNR, focusing on ecological aspects and conservation management. The methods were encountering Javan deer individuals; scan sampling and continuous recording to observe the behaviour of Javan deer; calculating the productivity of grazing area by defoliation experiment and vegetation analysis; reviewing documents, reports and interviews; and analysing strategy using SWOT-QSPM. Results showed there were 43 Javan deer encountered roaming in PNR and outside the conservation area, and nine individuals gathered in Cikamal grassland. The productivity of the grazing areas (5.61 ha) was 93,826 kg of feed annually and was only sufficient for 23 individuals. The grazing areas were dominated by Cynodon dactylon. Javan deer spent their time feeding. Javan deer herd in Cikamal is more intolerant to humans compared to the herd in Pangandaran Nature Tourist Park (PNTP). This study recommends: considering the management status of Javan deer in the conservation management of PNR and PNTP; improving the conservation management of Javan deer and its habitat; improving facilities and the management system of those facilities and conservation-supporting infrastructures; collaboration with researchers to perform some research and innovations for Javan deer conservation; improving the capability of PNR staff theoretically and practically; and educating and empowering the local people in terms of Javan deer conservation.

show abstract

“…The natural distribution of Timor deer is only in Java and Bali (Heinsohn, 2003; IUCN, 2018). Therefore, it is often referred to as the Javanese deer (Pairah et al., 2014). However, eight subspecies of Timor deer are now recognized, with very diverse local names because of its very widespread distribution that is, R.t. russa Muller and Schlegel, 1844 (Java and South Borneo), R.t. floresiensis Heude, 1896 (Lombok and Flores), R.t. timorensis Blainville, 1822 (Timor Island), R.t. djonga Bummel, 1949 (Southeast Sulawesi), R.t. moluccensis Q & G, 1830/Muller, 1836 (Maluku), R.t. renschi Sody, 1933 (Bali), and R.t. laronesiotes Bummel, 1949 (Peucang Island, West Java; IUCN, 2018; Semiadi, 1998; Semiadi & Nugraha, 2004; Takandjandji, 2009).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability of Timor Deer in Captivity: Captive Breeding Systems in West Java, Indonesia

Krisna

Supriatna

Suparmoko

et al. 2020

Tropical Conservation Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The population of Timor deer (Rusa timorensis), an Indonesian endemic, continues to decline in its natural habitat, so captive breeding could become a source of individuals to bolster wild population. Support for captive breeding programs may be stronger if captive breeding also provided meat for human consumption. Thus, sustainable captive yields could be expected to support both conservation interests and food needs. The aim of this research is to evaluate the environmental impact, based on global warming potential (GWP), of two Timor deer breeding systems, that is, a farming system and a ranching system, in West Java, Indonesia. Life cycle assessment methodology was used for the evaluation to gain a cradle-to-gate perspective. The functional unit used was 1 kg of Timor deer live weight in captivity. The main result of the study indicated that the GWP per kg of Timor deer was estimated at 17.30 kgCO2eq (farming system) and 17.60 kgCO2eq (ranching system). The largest GWP in both systems was derived from cultivation activities and infrastructure development. In general, there is no significant difference in the GWP of the two breeding systems studied. This was due to the similar overall management adopted by the two breeding systems, especially the use of food types and infrastructure materials. Currently, the environmental dimension, especially the emissions from Timor deer breeding activities, is not a major concern, but in the future, breeding management should pay attention to the efficient use of the food and infrastructure to make it more environmentally friendly.

show abstract

The Time Budget of Javan Deer ( Rusa timorensis , Blainville 1822) in Panaitan Island, Ujung Kulon National Park, Banten, Indonesia

Cited by 9 publications

References 32 publications

Monitoring post-release behavioural activity of captive-bred urial (Ovis vignei punjabiensis) at Togh Managara Safari Park Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Monitoring post-release behavioural activity of captive-bred urial (Ovis vignei punjabiensis) at Togh Managara Safari Park Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Alternative Strategy to Improve the Conservation of Javan Deer in Pangandaran Nature Reserve, West Java, Indonesia

Sustainability of Timor Deer in Captivity: Captive Breeding Systems in West Java, Indonesia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About