The thermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus is able to grow on phenol

Izzo, Viviana; Notomista, Eugenio; Picardi, Alessandra; Pennacchio, Fabrizio Andrea; Donato, Alberto Di

doi:10.1016/j.resmic.2005.04.001

Cited by 33 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…However, Sulfolobus species are generally characterized by low growth rates and only average conversion yields, whatever the strain or substrate ( Table 2). The growth rates found in this study were higher than for strain P2 grown in Erlenmeyer flasks (0.021 h -1 , Izzo et al 2005), probably due to a poorer oxygen transfer and lack of pH regulation in that study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

“…Redox potential globally followed the same pattern as in the previous experiment (data not shown). When phenol was re-fed (4th addition), there was neither consumption nor respiration, and a dark brown pigment appeared in the medium, suggesting an accumulation of catechol, the hydroxylation product of phenol, in the culture, as previously reported for P2-strain phenol cultures (Izzo et al 2005). …”

Section: Biodegradation Of Phenol By Phenol-grown Cells Of S Solfatasupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Volumetric phenol degradation rate (V phenol ) increased from 7.1 (phase 1) to 24.9 mg l -1 h -1 (phase 3). These rates are higher than for S. solfataricus P2 in flask cultures (5 mg l -1 h -1 ) (Izzo et al 2005), probably due to a higher biomass density (OD 600 = 2.4 in this study vs. 0.6 in the P2 study (Izzo et al 2005)). Each phenol addition triggered an immediate resumption in CO 2 production and a decrease in E h (Fig.…”

Section: Phases 2 and 3: Growth On Phenol Alonecontrasting

confidence: 60%

“…pH was adjusted to 3.2 with 5 N H 2 SO 4 . Glucose (200 g l -1 ) or phenol (20 g l -1 ) was added before inoculation to reach concentrations of 2000 mg l -1 for glucose and 94-365 mg l -1 for phenol, which is a concentration widely reported as non-inhibitory for thermophilic (Mutzel et al 1996;Feitkenhauer et al 2001) or hyperthermophilic microorganisms (Izzo et al 2005).…”

Section: Strain and Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies on phenol biodegradation by hyperthermophilic archaea have only reported on two strains: P2 and 98/2, both of the acidic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus. The P2 strain, isolated from solfatara in Italy, was shown to degrade up to 750 mg l -1 of phenol at 80°C in Erlenmeyer flask cultures (Izzo et al 2005). In contrast, the 98/2 strain, from Yellowstone National Park (USA), is reportedly unable to grow on phenol, which is surprising given the homologous putative aromatic hydrocarbon oxygenase gene cluster in both strains (Chae et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phenol biodegradation by the thermoacidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus 98/2 in a fed-batch bioreactor

et al. 2010

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Toxic at low concentrations, phenol is one of the most common organic pollutants in air and water. In this work, phenol biodegradation was studied in extreme conditions (80°C, pH = 3.2) in a 2.7 l bioreactor with the thermoacidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus 98/2. The strain was first acclimatized to phenol on a mixture of glucose (2000 mg l(-1)) and phenol (94 mg l(-1)) at a constant dissolved oxygen concentration of 1.5 mg l(-1). After a short lag-phase, only glucose was consumed. Phenol degradation then began while glucose was still present in the reactor. When glucose was exhausted, phenol was used for respiration and then for biomass build-up. After several batch runs (phenol < 365 mg l(-1)), specific growth rate (μ(X)) was 0.034 ± 0.001 h(-1), specific phenol degradation rate (q(P)) was 57.5 ± 2 mg g(-1) h(-1), biomass yield (Y(X/P)) was 52.2 ± 1.1 g mol(-1), and oxygen yield factor (Y(X/O2)) was 9.2 ± 0.2 g mol(-1). A carbon recovery close to 100% suggested that phenol was exclusively transformed into biomass (35%) and CO(2) (65%). Molar phenol oxidation constant (Y(O2/P)) was calculated from stoichiometry of phenol oxidation and introducing experimental biomass and CO(2) conversion yields on phenol, leading to values varying between 4.78 and 5.22 mol mol(-1). Respiratory quotient was about 0.84 mol mol(-1), very close to theoretical value (0.87 mol mol(-1)). Carbon dioxide production, oxygen demand and redox potential, monitored on-line, were good indicators of growth, substrate consumption and exhaustion, and can therefore be usefully employed for industrial phenol bioremediation in extreme environments.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

Section: Biodegradation Of Phenol By Phenol-grown Cells Of S Solfatasupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Phases 2 and 3: Growth On Phenol Alonecontrasting

confidence: 60%

Section: Strain and Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phenol biodegradation by the thermoacidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus 98/2 in a fed-batch bioreactor

et al. 2010

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Translational and transcriptional analysis of Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 to provide insights into alcohol and ketone utilisation

Chong¹,

Burja²,

Radianingtyas³

et al. 2007

Proteomics

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The potential of Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 for alcohol or ketone bioconversion was explored in this study. S. solfataricus was grown in different concentrations (0.1-0.8% w/v) of alcohols or ketones (ethanol, iso-propanol, n-propanol, acetone, phenol and hexanol) in the presence of 0.4% w/v glucose. Consequently, the addition of these alcohols or ketones into the growth media had an inhibitory effect on biomass production, whereby lag times increased and specific growth rates decreased when compared to a glucose control. Complete glucose utilisation was observed in all cultures, although slower rates of glucose consumption were observed in experimental cultures (average of 14.9 mg/L/h compared to 18.9 mg/L/h in the control). On the other hand, incomplete solvent utilisation was observed, with the highest solvent consumption being approximately 51% of the initial concentration in acetone cultures. Translational responses of S. solfataricus towards these alcohols or ketones were then investigated using the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) technique. The majority (>80%) of proteins identified and quantified showed no discernable changes in regulation compared to the control. These results, along with those obtained from transcriptional analysis of key genes involved within this catabolic process using quantitative RT-PCR and metabolite analysis, demonstrate successful alcohol or ketone conversion in S. solfataricus.

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An Expansion of Age Constraints for Microbial Clades that Lack a Conventional Fossil Record Using Phylogenomic Dating

Blank

2011

J Mol Evol

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Most microbial taxa lack a conventional microfossil or biomarker record, and so we currently have little information regarding how old most microbial clades and their associated traits are. Building on the previously published oxygen age constraint, two new age constraints are proposed based on the ability of microbial clades to metabolize chitin and aromatic compounds derived from lignin. Using the archaeal domain of life as a test case, phylogenetic analyses, along with published metabolic and genetic data, showed that members of the Halobacteriales and Thermococcales are able to metabolize chitin. Ancestral state reconstruction combined with phylogenetic analysis of the genes underlying chitin degradation predicted that the ancestors of these two groups were also likely able to metabolize chitin or chitin-related compounds. These two clades were therefore assigned a maximum age of 1.0 Ga (when chitin likely first appeared). Similar analyses also predicted that the ancestor to the Sulfolobus solfataricus-Sulfolobus islandicus clade was able to metabolize phenol using catechol dioxygenase, so this clade was assigned a maximum age of 475 Ma. Inferred ages of archaeal clades using relaxed molecular clocks with the new age constraints were consistent with those inferred with the oxygen age constraints. This work expands our current toolkit to include Paleoproterozoic, Neoproterozoic, and Paleozoic age constraints, and should aid in our ability to phylogenetically reconstruct the antiquity of a wide array of microbial clades and their associated morphological and biogeochemical traits, spanning deep geologic time. Such hypotheses-although built upon evolutionary inferences-are fundamentally testable.

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The thermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus is able to grow on phenol

Cited by 33 publications

References 52 publications

Phenol biodegradation by the thermoacidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus 98/2 in a fed-batch bioreactor

Phenol biodegradation by the thermoacidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus 98/2 in a fed-batch bioreactor

Translational and transcriptional analysis of Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 to provide insights into alcohol and ketone utilisation

An Expansion of Age Constraints for Microbial Clades that Lack a Conventional Fossil Record Using Phylogenomic Dating

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