The thermokinetic performance of an accelerating rate calorimeter

Tou, James C.; Whiting, L. F.

doi:10.1016/0040-6031(81)87019-0

Cited by 65 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In all cases, the samples have been heated to the desired temperature staring also in this case from 263 K with a controlled heating rate of b 5 10 or 20 K min 21 . The principal conditions adopted to carry out these runs have been reported in Table 3.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A suitable identification procedure allowed in the case of DCP the assessment of the thermokinetic parameters of its thermal decomposition process. For this compound, the kinetic triplet has been determined considering a set of DSC dynamic runs carried out at 2.5, 10, and 20 K min 21 . This substance has been confirmed to decomposes exothermically (2DH R 5 932.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been reported, for example, that when using an accelerated rate calorimeter (but these considerations are easily extended to other type of adiabatic calorimeters without a mixing device) the temperature gradients inside the sample could affect the experimental results. 20 Furthermore, the adiabatic conditions can be lost (this is particularly true for the oldest devices while modern adiabatic calorimeters allow to track very fast exothermic events up to 200 K min 21 ) if the heat rate exceeds some limits. 21 Indeed, adiabatic techniques have their advantage if compared to other experimental approaches.…”

Section: K Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20 Furthermore, the adiabatic conditions can be lost (this is particularly true for the oldest devices while modern adiabatic calorimeters allow to track very fast exothermic events up to 200 K min 21 ) if the heat rate exceeds some limits. 21 Indeed, adiabatic techniques have their advantage if compared to other experimental approaches. For example, adiabatic calorimeters are generally equipped with pressure measurement systems which provide key information for the design of venting systems.…”

Section: K Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adiabatic behavior of thermal unstable compounds evaluated by means of dynamic scanning calorimetric (DSC) techniques

Sanchirico

2013

AIChE Journal

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The article investigates the possibility of obtaining reliable information on the adiabatic behavior of thermally unstable substances based on the thermokinetic data collected by differential scanning calorimetric experiments. In particular, it is developed a novel numerical algorithm which allows the estimation of the adiabatic onset temperature. Theoretical results are verified considering the thermal decomposition of dicumyl peroxide carried out under different calorimetric conditions. Encouraging results point out that the procedures developed allow the assessment of adiabatic critical parameters that are very close to the values determined during the experiments.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: K Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: K Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adiabatic behavior of thermal unstable compounds evaluated by means of dynamic scanning calorimetric (DSC) techniques

Sanchirico

2013

AIChE Journal

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“…The Accelerating Rate Calorimeter (ARC) was developed by the Dow Chemical Company and was licensed to Columbia Scientific Industries of Austin, Texas which currently markets the instrument under the trademark CSI-ARC TM. Since details of the design, operation, and performance of the ARC have been published elsewhere [7][8][9], only a brief description of the device will be given here.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal hazard evaluation of styrene polymerization by accelerating rate calorimetry

Whiting

Tou

1982

Journal of Thermal Analysis

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The thermal polymerization of inhibited styrene monomer is investigated by Accelerating Rate Calorimetry (ARC). The time-temperature-pressure data generated by this technique are utilized in evaluating the thermal hazards associated with the industrial processing of styrene monomer. Several examples are given on the interpretation and application of ARC data to environments ranging from lab to plant-scale conditions including discussions concerning the similarities and dissimilarities between the ARC and large-scale equipment. The polymerization of styrene monomer is also used to evaluate the performance of the ARC over a broad temperature range, 80-300 ~ The data indicate that removal of the radiant heater assembly yields better agreement between the heat of polymerization of styrene as measured by the ARC and corresponding values from the literature. This effect is believed to be observable only under conditions of low reaction rates for long periods of time such as in the case of styrene monomer.The evaluation of thermal and pressure hazards associated with the manufacture, transport, and storage of chemicals is an important area of research in the chemical industry. The engineering design of equipment to prevent, control or withstand runaway reactions which result in pressure increase is of great concern from a safety and loss point of view. In order to design a piece of equipment which will operate safely during an emergency situation, it is necessary to have data on the kinetics, thermodynamics, and physical properties of the potential runaway reaction.Several approaches have been utilized in the past to obtain information on the kinetics of exothermic reactions. One of the most commonly used techniques in thermal hazard evaluation is differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) which can yield both the heat of reaction and the kinetics of the reaction of interest [1 ]. A modification of the sample container used in DSC has been developed to handle volatile chemicals or materials which generate gaseous products on decomposition, conditions which are common in the chemical industry [2]. However, one limitation to the DSC methods for hazard evaluation is the difference in experimental conditions compared to normal operating conditions in a chemical plant. DSC data are obtained at a fixed heating rate which forces the reaction to occur at higher temperatures in the DSC than would be experienced during processing or storage. As a result, the experimental data often must be extrapolated to normal

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Evaluation of Thermal Hazard of Azobisisobutyronitrile Using Accelerating Rate Calorimetry

1996

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The thermal decomposition of azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) has been studied under fully adiabatic conditions in a sealed bomb using an accelerating rate calorimetry technique (ARC). Data relating to temperature, pressure and time have been discussed. AIBN decomposes exothermally and the onset of decomposition occurs at 56.19"C. The reaction reaches its maximum at 112.WC. During this temperature range, the self-heat rate, and the time to maximum rate of the reaction were evaluated. The experimental data have been also treated to evaluate the activation energy of the potential runaway reaction.

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The thermokinetic performance of an accelerating rate calorimeter

Cited by 65 publications

References 8 publications

Adiabatic behavior of thermal unstable compounds evaluated by means of dynamic scanning calorimetric (DSC) techniques

Adiabatic behavior of thermal unstable compounds evaluated by means of dynamic scanning calorimetric (DSC) techniques

Thermal hazard evaluation of styrene polymerization by accelerating rate calorimetry

Evaluation of Thermal Hazard of Azobisisobutyronitrile Using Accelerating Rate Calorimetry

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